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arXiv 0906.2065astro-ph.HE
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蟹状星云脉冲星及其附近纽结的光学和红外观测

Optical and infrared observations of the Crab Pulsar and its nearby knot

Andreas Sandberg, Jesper Sollerman

摘要:

本文研究了蟹状星云脉冲星及其附近结的光学和红外光谱能量分布。我们目前的高品质UBVRIz,以及自适应光学JHK_sL'测光,实现了良好的条件下与FORS 1和NAOS/CONICA仪器在VLT。我们将这些数据与重新分析的斯皮策太空望远镜档案数据相结合,为脉冲星构建了一个SED,并量化了结的污染。我们还收集了从1988年到2008年的光学成像数据,以检查预测的长期光度下降。对于蟹状星云脉冲星SED,当我们排除结的贡献时,我们发现在光学/近红外区域的光谱斜率为alpha_nu = 0.27+-0.03。对于结本身,我们发现α_nu = -1.3 +-0.1的斜率更红。我们对这颗脉冲星光度平均下降的最佳估计是每年2.9+-1.6毫等。我们已经证明了附近的结在精确测量的螃蟹脉冲星SED的重要性,特别是在近红外。我们仔细检查了证据的传统观点的同步自吸收翻转在红外,并发现这些说法是没有根据的。我们还发现了蟹状星云脉冲星的可见光长期减少的证据,与目前的脉冲星自旋下降模型一致。然而,虽然我们的测量减少显着改善以前的调查,检测仍然是试探性的。最后,我们指出,未来的意见,可以大大改善这种情况。

英文摘要:

We study the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the Crab Pulsar and its nearby knot in the optical and in the infrared (IR) regime. We present high-quality UBVRIz, as well as adaptive optics JHK_sL' photometry, achieved under excellent conditions with the FORS1 and NAOS/CONICA instruments at the VLT. We combine these data with re-analyzed archival Spitzer Space Telescope data to construct a SED for the pulsar, and quantify the contamination from the knot. We have also gathered optical imaging data from 1988 to 2008 from several telescopes in order to examine the predicted secular decrease in luminosity. For the Crab Pulsar SED we find a spectral slope of alpha_nu = 0.27+-0.03 in the optical/near-IR regime, when we exclude the contribution from the knot. For the knot itself, we find a much redder slope of alpha_nu = -1.3 +- 0.1. Our best estimate of the average decrease in luminosity for the pulsar is 2.9+-1.6 mmag per year. We have demonstrated the importance of the nearby knot in precision measurements of the Crab Pulsar SED, in particular in the near-IR. We have scrutinized the evidence for the traditional view of a synchrotron self-absorption roll-over in the infrared, and find that these claims are unfounded. We also find evidence for a secular decrease in the optical light for the Crab Pulsar, in agreement with current pulsar spin-down models. However, although our measurements of the decrease significantly improve on previous investigations, the detection is still tentative. We finally point to future observations that can improve the situation significantly.

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