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arXiv 0906.0853physics.flu-dyn
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旋转均匀turbulence的结构和衰变

Structure and decay of rotating homogeneous turbulence

M. Thiele, W. -C. Müller

摘要:

采用高分辨率直接数值模拟方法研究了固体旋转下的Navier-Stokes湍流。被认为是由不同的Rossby数特征的设置。与实验结果一致,发现强旋转导致的各向异性的直接非线性能流,这是衰减主要在旋转轴的方向。在衰减湍流中,动能的演化遵循近似的幂律,衰减指数与旋转频率有明显的依赖关系。一个简单的唯象指数和旋转速率之间的关系再现了这一观察。由大尺度强迫驱动的定常湍流在垂直于旋转轴的一维能谱的旋转主导的惯性范围内表现出$k_\perp^{-2}$标度。自相似缩放被示出为个体光谱贡献的累积结果,对于低旋转速率,显示$k_\perp^{-3}$缩放接近$k_\parallel=0$平面。提出了一种结合旋转修正能量级联的现象学。在所观察到的制度的非线性湍流相互作用的强烈影响旋转,但不抑制。垂直于旋转轴的纵向两点速度结构函数表明流动的$k_\parallel=0$(2D)分量的弱不稳定性,而$k_\parallel\neq 0$(3D)波动的间歇性标度被修正的She-Lévêque不稳定性模型很好地捕获,该模型产生结构函数标度指数的表达式$ζ_p=p/6 + 2(1-(2/3)^{p/2})$。

英文摘要:

Navier-Stokes turbulence subject to solid-body rotation is studied by high-resolution direct numerical simulations (DNS) of freely decaying and stationary flows. Setups characterized by different Rossby numbers are considered. In agreement with experimental results strong rotation is found to lead to anisotropy of the direct nonlinear energy flux, which is attenuated primarily in the direction of the rotation axis. In decaying turbulence the evolution of kinetic energy follows an approximate power law with a distinct dependence of the decay exponent on the rotation frequency. A simple phenomenological relation between exponent and rotation rate reproduces this observation. Stationary turbulence driven by large-scale forcing exhibits $k_\perp^{-2}$-scaling in the rotation-dominated inertial range of the one-dimensional energy spectrum taken perpendicularly to the rotation axis. The self-similar scaling is shown to be the cumulative result of individual spectral contributions which, for low rotation rate, display $k_\perp^{-3}$-scaling near the $k_\parallel=0$ plane. A phenomenology which incorporates the modification of the energy cascade by rotation is proposed. In the observed regime the nonlinear turbulent interactions are strongly influenced by rotation but not suppressed. {Longitudinal two-point velocity structure functions taken perpendicularly to the axis of rotation indicate weak intermittency of the $k_\parallel=0$ (2D) component of the flow while the intermittent scaling of $k_\parallel\neq 0$ (3D) fluctuations is well captured by a modified She-Lévêque intermittency model which yields the expression $ζ_p=p/6 + 2(1-(2/3)^{p/2})$ for the structure function scaling exponents.

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