PILOT的科学案例I：总结和概述
The Science Case for PILOT I: Summary and Overview
摘要：
PILOT（国际大型光学望远镜的探路者）是一个拟议中的2.5米光学/红外望远镜，将位于南极高原的Dome C。圆顶C的条件对于天文学来说是非常特殊的。视宁度（30米以上）、相干时间和等晕角都比典型的中纬度站点好两倍，而水汽柱、大气和望远镜热辐射都好一个数量级。这些条件使PILOT具有独特的科学能力，这在本系列论文中得到了解决。本文概述了PILO的光学和仪器套件及其预期性能，概述了该设施的关键科学目标和观测方法，讨论了PILOT和其他望远镜的科学目标之间的协同作用，并讨论了南极天文学的未来。论文二和论文三分别详细介绍了遥远宇宙（即，第一次光的研究，以及结构的组装和演化）和附近的宇宙（即，本星系群、银河系和太阳系的研究）。
英文摘要：
PILOT (the Pathfinder for an International Large Optical Telescope) is a proposed 2.5 m optical/infrared telescope to be located at Dome C on the Antarctic plateau. Conditions at Dome C are known to be exceptional for astronomy. The seeing (above ~30 m height), coherence time, and isoplanatic angle are all twice s good as at typical mid-latitude sites, while the water-vapour column, and the atmosphere and telescope thermal emission are all an order of magnitude better. These conditions enable a unique scientific capability for PILOT, which is addressed in this series of papers. The current paper presents an overview of the optical and instrumentation suite for PILO and its expected performance, a summary of the key science goals and observational approach for the facility, a discussion of the synergies between the science goals for PILOT and other telescopes, and a discussion of the future of Antarctic astronomy. Paper II and Paper III present details of the science projects divided, respectively, between the distant Universe (i.e., studies of first light, and the assembly and evolution of structure) and the nearby Universe (i.e., studies of Local Group galaxies, the Milky Way, and the Solar System).
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
