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arXiv 0905.1605astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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高红移遮蔽类星体:次千秒差距尺度的无线电发射

High-redshift obscured quasars: radio emission at sub-kiloparsec scales

H. -R. Kloeckner, A. Martinez-Sansigre, S. Rawlings, M. A. Garrett

摘要:

利用欧洲甚长基线干涉测量网(EVN)在1.66GHz上研究了11个红移z> 2的遮蔽“射电中间”类星体的射电性质。每14 x17 mas 2光束的灵敏度达到~25 μ Jy,并且在11个源中的7个中安全地检测到未分辨的无线电发射。每一个源的无线电发射占总源通量密度的30- 100%。这种辐射的物理范围是~<150 pc,导出的性质表明,这种辐射起源于一个活动星系核(AGN)。丢失的通量密度很难单独用恒星的形成来解释,因此与物理尺寸>~150 pc和~< 40 kpc的喷流相关的射电成分很可能存在于大多数源中。在观测到的样品中,陡、平、吉赫兹峰和紧陡谱源都存在。因此,以及扩展和紧凑的喷流,光束喷流的例子也被推断出来,这表明在这些来源中,遮蔽必须是由于宿主星系中的尘埃,而不是统一方案所引用的环面。将该样本的总射电光度与不同类型活动星系核的核心射电光度(~< 150 pc)进行比较表明,与FR I射电星系相比,z >~2射电中等遮蔽类星体样本的射电性质更类似于低红移射电宁静类星体群体中高射电光度端的射电性质。这一结论可能反映了内在的差异,但也可能受到高红移下扩展射电喷流的逆康普顿冷却效应的强烈影响。

英文摘要:

The radio properties of 11 obscured `radio-intermediate' quasars at redshifts z>~2 have been investigated using the European Very-Long-Baseline-Interferometry Network (EVN) at 1.66 GHz. A sensitivity of ~25 micro Jy per 14x17 mas2 beam was achieved, and in 7 out of 11 sources unresolved radio emission was securely detected. The detected radio emission of each source accounts for ~30-100 % of the total source flux density. The physical extent of this emission is ~<150 pc, and the derived properties indicate that this emission originates from an active galactic nucleus (AGN). The missing flux density is difficult to account for by star-formation alone, so radio components associated with jets of physical size >~150 pc, and ~< 40 kpc are likely to be present in most of the sources. Amongst the observed sample steep, flat, gigahertz-peaked and compact-steep spectrum sources are all present. Hence, as well as extended and compact jets, examples of beamed jets are also inferred, suggesting that in these sources, the obscuration must be due to dust in the host galaxy, rather than the torus invoked by the unified schemes. Comparing the total to core (~< 150 pc) radio luminosities of this sample with different types of AGN suggests that this sample of z >~2 radio-intermediate obscured quasars shows radio properties that are more similar to those of the high-radio-luminosity end of the low-redshift radio-quiet quasar population than those of FR I radio galaxies. This conclusion may reflect intrinsic differences, but could be strongly influenced by the increasing effect of inverse-Compton cooling of extended radio jets at high redshift.

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