arXiv 0905.12162009-05-08hep-ph

利用凝聚态物理的中微子振荡理论，包括产生过程和能量-时间不确定性

Theory of neutrino oscillations using condensed matter physics Including production process and energy-time uncertainty

Harry J. Lipkin

备注：: 15 pages, no figures

摘要：

如果四动量守恒，中微子振荡就不能从初始孤立的单粒子态产生。转换矩阵元素通常在所有最终状态上平方和求和，而正交最终状态之间没有干扰。基于相对论量子场论的洛伦兹协变描述不能描述不同$ν$质量的正交态之间产生中微子振荡的干涉。简化模型给出了关于“能量-时间不确定性”的握手论点的严格推导。衰变的标准含时微扰理论表明，最终态的能谱比自然线宽宽得多，但有时比衰变寿命短得多。含有两个不同能量组分的初态在长时间内衰变为两个不同$ν$质量的正交态，完全分离，无干扰。在短时间内，两个振幅的加宽的能谱重叠并干涉。“达姆施塔特振荡”实验试图在不探测到$ν$的情况下，测量两个相干初态之间的动量差，从而获得关于$ν$质量的信息。简单的解释给出了平方$ν$质量差的值，与KAMLAND实验计算的值相差不到三倍。治疗仅在实验室框架中进行，能量，时间和动量的值由实验室中静止的实验环境确定。

英文摘要：

Neutrino scillations cannot arise from an initial isolated one particle state if four-momentum is conserved. The transition matrix element is generally squared and summed over all final states with no interference between orthogonal final states. Lorentz covariant descriptions based on relativistic quantum field theory cannot describe interference between orthogonal states with different $ν$ masses producing neutrino oscillations. Simplified model presents rigorous derivation of handwaving argument about "energy-time uncertainty". Standard time-dependent perturbation theory for decays shows how energy spectrum of final state is much broader than natural line width at times much shorter than decay lifetime. Initial state containing two components with different energies decay into two orthogonal states with different $ν$ masses completely separated at long times with no interference. At short times the broadened energy spectra of the two amplitudes overlap and interfere. "Darmstadt oscillation" experiment attempts to measure the momentum difference between the two contributing coherent initial states and obtain information about $ν$ masses without detecting the $ν$. Simple interpretation gives value for the squared $ν$ mass difference differing by less than a factor of three from values calculated from the KAMLAND experiment. Treatment holds only in laboratory frame with values of energy, time and momentum determined by experimental environment at rest in the laboratory.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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英文摘要：

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