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arXiv 0905.0734cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.str-el
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具有s波cos(kx)cos(ky)配对对称性的铁基超导体中杂质诱导的束缚态

Impurity-induced bound states in iron-based superconductors with s-wave cos(kx)cos(ky) pairing symmetry

Wei-Feng Tsai, Yan-Yang Zhang, Chen Fang, Jiangping Hu

摘要:

利用自洽的Bogoliubov-de Gennes公式和非自洽的T矩阵方法,我们对铁基超导体中局域单一杂质诱导的带隙束缚态进行了全面的研究.我们专注于研究签名与非常规的符号改变的s波配对对称性。对于非磁性杂质,由于符号变化引起的非平凡Andreev束缚态的存在,我们发现仅在符号变化的s波配对态中存在两个关于零能量对称的带隙束缚,而在符号不变的s波配对态中不存在.对于磁性杂质,我们发现,由于局部时间反演对称性的崩溃,只存在束缚态解(轨道简并)携带的电子自旋极化之一周围的杂质。随着散射强度的增加,系统经历了从自旋非极化基态到自旋极化态的量子相变(能级交叉)。虽然磁性杂质的结果在符号改变和符号不变的s波超导态中定性相似,但在第一种情况下的束缚态更鲁棒,并且在强散射区域中杂质附近的SC带隙没有$π$相移。

英文摘要:

Using both the self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes formulation and non-self-consistent T-matrix approach, we perform a comprehensive investigation of the in-gap bound states induced by a localized single impurity in iron-based superconductors. We focus on studying signatures associated with the unconventional sign-changed s-wave pairing symmetry. For a non-magnetic impurity, we find that there are two in-gap bounds, symmetric with respect to zero energy, only in the sign changed s-wave pairing state, not in the sign-unchanged s-wave state, due to the existence of non-trivial Andreev bound states caused by the sign change. For a magnetic impurity, we find that due to the breakdown of the local time-reversal symmetry, there exist only bound state solutions (with orbital degeneracy) carrying one of the electron-spin polarizations around the impurity. As increasing the scattering strength, the system undergoes a quantum phase transition (level crossing) from a spin-unpolarized ground state to a spin-polarized one. While the results for the magnetic impurity are qualitatively similar in both the sign-changed and sign-unchanged s-wave superconducting states, the bound states in the first case are more robust and there is no $π$ phase shift of the SC gap near the impurity in the strong scattering regime.

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