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arXiv 0904.4770gr-qc
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引力坍缩中的奇异性和自相似性

Singularities and self-similarity in gravitational collapse

Tomohiro Harada

摘要:

在广义相对论中,爱因斯坦的场方程允许有各种时空奇点的解。数值相对论最近揭示了一些一般时空奇点的性质。已经发现,在各种系统中,自相似解可以描述更一般解在接近奇点时的渐近或中间行为。典型的例子是在引力坍缩中收敛到吸引子自相似解。这与理想流体球对称坍缩中的宇宙审查违反密切相关。自相似解在引力坍缩的临界现象中也起着重要的作用。临界现象被理解为围绕临界自相似解的中间行为。我们看到,收敛和临界现象的理解在一个统一的方式在余维零和一,分别在重整化群流的吸引子。

英文摘要:

Einstein's field equations in general relativity admit a variety of solutions with spacetime singularities. Numerical relativity has recently revealed the properties of somewhat generic spacetime singularities. It has been found that in a variety of systems self-similar solutions can describe asymptotic or intermediate behaviour of more general solutions in an approach to singularities. The typical example is the convergence to an attractor self-similar solution in gravitational collapse. This is closely related to the cosmic censorship violation in the spherically symmetric collapse of a perfect fluid. The self-similar solution also plays an important role in critical phenomena in gravitational collapse. The critical phenomena are understood as the intermediate behaviour around a critical self-similar solution. We see that the convergence and critical phenomena are understood in a unified manner in terms of attractors of codimension zero and one, respectively, in renormalisation group flow.

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