矮恒星中的量子液体特征
Quantum Liquid Signatures in Dwarf Stars
摘要：
我们进一步发展arXiv：0806.3692的提议，即氦核矮星中可能存在一种新的物质状态-自旋为0的核的带电凝聚体。带电凝聚体及其涨落用有效场论拉格朗日量描述。玻色子涨落的光谱是有间隙的，而在感兴趣的温度下，电子在费米表面附近产生无间隙激发。这些性质决定了凝聚核矮星的演化。特别是，我们表明，这样的矮星将冷却显着快于他们的结晶同行。因此，氦核矮星的光度函数在凝聚后会有一个急剧的下降。最近在NGC 6397中发现的24个氦核矮候选者序列的突然终止很容易被解释为带电凝聚的标志。
英文摘要：
We develop further the proposal of arXiv:0806.3692 that a new state of matter -- charged condensate of spin-0 nuclei -- may exist in helium-core dwarf stars. The charged condensate and its fluctuations are described by an effective field theory Lagrangian. The spectrum of bosonic fluctuations is gapped, while electrons, at temperatures of interest, give rise to gapless excitations near the Fermi surface. These properties determine the evolution of the dwarfs with condensed cores. In particular, we show that such dwarf stars would cool significantly faster than their crystallized counterparts. As a result, the luminosity function for the helium-core dwarfs will have a sharp drop-off after the condensation. It is tempting to interpret the recently discovered abrupt termination of a sequence of 24 helium-core dwarf candidates in NGC 6397 as a signature of the charged condensation.
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