Hideo Kodama, R. A. Konoplya, Alexander Zhidenko
We study the stability of $D \geq 7$ asymptotically flat black holes rotating in a single two-plane against tensor-type gravitational perturbations. The extensive search of quasinormal modes for these black holes did not indicate any presence of growing modes, implying the stability of simply rotating Myers-Perry black holes against tensor-type perturbations.
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The Newman-Janis and Giampieri algorithms are two simple methods to generate stationary rotating black hole solutions in four dimensions. In this paper, we obtain the Mayers-Perry black hole from the Schwartzchild solution in five dimensions using quaternions. Our method generates the Mayers-Perry black hole solution with two angular momenta in one fell swoop.
We derive the five dimensional Myers-Perry metric via an elementary method to solve the vacuum Einstein field equations directly. This method firstly proposed by Clotz is very simple since it merely involves four components of Ricci tensor and only requires us to deal with some equations without second derivatives' terms when the metric ansatz is assumed to take an appropriate form.
The Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates provide a convenient framework for presenting the Schwarzschild geometry because of their flat constant-time hypersurfaces, and the fact that they are free of coordinate singularities outside r=0. Generalizations of Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates suitable for the Kerr geometry have been presented by Doran and Natario. These coordinate systems feature a time coordinate identical to the proper time of zero-angular-momentum observers that are dropped from infinity. Here, the methods of Doran and Natario are extended to the five-dimensional rotating black hole …
Properties of a deformed Myers-Perry black hole
本文基于五维Einstein方程的精确解，研究了形变对具有单一角动量的Myers-Perry黑洞视界的影响，发现形变视界受外部源影响而凹凸，但能层不受影响。
It is widely believed that the curvature singularities are an artifact of general relativity and may not exist in the Universe, and likely to be defined by the quantum gravity. In the absence of successful quantum gravity, significant attention has been shifted towards the regular models. We present a five-dimensional ($5D$) rotating regular Myers-Perry like black hole metric with two rotation parameters ($a,b$) and a free parameter ($k$). Our $5D$ rotating regular metric encompasses $5D$ Myers-Perry black hole which can be recovered as a special case when $k=0$. The size of the shadow cast by…
We present the complete set of analytical solutions of the geodesic equation in the five-dimensional Myers-Perry space-time with equal rotation parameter in terms of the Weierstraß' elliptic and Weierstraß' zeta and sigma functions. We study the underlying polynomials in the polar and radial equations which depend on the parameters of the metric and conserved quantities of a test particle and characterize the motion by their zeros. We exemplify the efficiency of the analytical method on the orbits of test particles.
We calculate the effects of the electromagnetic self-force on a charged particle outside a five dimensional Myers-Perry space-time. Based on our earlier work [1], we obtain the self-force using quaternions in Janis-Newman and Giampieri algorithms. In four dimensional rotating space-time the electromagnetic self-force is repulsive at any point, however, in five dimensional rotational space-time, we find a point r0 where the electromagnetic self-force vanishes. For r < r0 (r > r0) the electromagnetic self-force is attractive (repulsive).
We present the complete set of analytical solutions of the geodesic equation in the general five-dimensional Myers-Perry spacetime in terms of the Weierstrass $\wp$-, $ζ$- and $σ$-functions. We analyze the underlying polynomials in the polar and radial equations, which depend on the parameters of the metric and the conserved quantities of a test particle, and characterize the motion by their zeros. We exemplify the efficiency of the analytical method on the basis of the explicit construction of test particle orbits and by addressing observables in this spacetime.
We study massive Dirac fields in the background of the near-horizon limit of the extremal Myers-Perry black hole in five dimensions. We consider the case in which both angular momenta have equal magnitude. The resulting Dirac equation can be decoupled into an angular and a radial part. The solution of the angular part results in some algebraic relations that determine completely the angular quantum numbers of the fermionic field. The radial part can be analytically solved in terms of special functions, which allow us to analyze the near-horizon radial current of the Dirac field.
We study the motion of bound null geodesics with fixed coordinate radius around a five-dimensional rotating black hole. These spherical photon orbits are not confined to a plane, and can exhibit interesting quasiperiodic behaviour. We provide necessary conditions for the existence of these orbits, and explicitly compute the radii of circular orbits in the equatorial and polar planes. Finally, we plot representative examples of some of the types of possible orbits, commenting on their qualitative features.
In this talk, we point out that curvature-regular asymptotically flat solitons with negative mass are contained in the Myers-Perry family in five dimensions. These solitons do not have horizon, but instead a conical NUT singularity of quasi-regular nature surrounded by naked CTCs. We show that this quasi-regular singularity can be made regular for a set of discrete values of angular momentum by introducing some periodic identifications, at least in the case in which two angular momentum parameters are equal. Although the spatial infinity of the solitons is diffeomorphic to S^1xS^3/R_n (n>2), t…
The existence of stable bound orbits of test particles is one of the most characteristic properties in black hole spacetimes. In higher-dimensional black holes, due to the dimensionality of gravity, there is no stable bound orbit balanced by Newtonian gravitational monopole force and centrifugal force as in the same mechanism of the four-dimensional Kerr black hole case. In this paper, however, the existence of stable bound orbits of massive and massless particles is shown in six-dimensional singly spinning Myers-Perry black holes with a value of the spin parameter larger than a critical value…
Stability of five-dimensional Myers-Perry black holes under massive scalar perturbation: bound states and quasinormal modes
本文研究五维单旋转 Myers-Perry 黑洞在大质量标量扰动下的稳定性，通过解析分析准束缚态有效势和连分数法计算准正则模式，证明该黑洞对两类扰动均稳定，并发现大质量标量场下存在长寿命准共振现象。
Employing higher order perturbation theory, we find a new class of perturbative extremal rotating black hole solutions with Born-Infeld electric charge in odd D-dimensional spacetime. The seed solution is an odd dimensional extremal Myers-Perry black hole with equal angular momenta to which a perturbative nonlinear electric Born-Infeld field charge q is added maintaining the extremality condition. The perturbations are performed up to third order. We also study some physical properties of these black holes. In particular, it is shown that the values of the gyromagnetic ratio of the black holes…
It has been revealed that the first order symmetry operator for the linearized Einstein equation on a vacuum spacetime can be constructed from a Killing-Yano 3-form. This might be used to construct all or part of solutions to the field equation. In this paper, we perform a mode decomposition of a metric perturbation on the Schwarzschild spacetime and the Myers-Perry spacetime with equal angular momenta in 5 dimensions, and investigate the action of the symmetry operator on specific modes concretely. We show that on such spacetimes, there is no transition between the modes of a metric perturbat…
We study the stability of five-dimensional Myers-Perry black holes with equal angular momenta which have an enlarged symmetry, U(2). Using this symmetry, we derive master equations for a part of metric perturbations which are relevant to the stability. Based on the master equations, we prove the stability of Myers-Perry black holes under these perturbations. Our result gives a strong evidence for the stability of Myers-Perry black holes with equal angular momenta.
We point out that the Myers-Perry metric in five dimensions is algebraically special. It has Petrov type \underline{22}, which is the Petrov type of the five-dimensional Schwarzschild metric.
We demonstrate separability of the dynamical equations for all p-form fluxes in the Myers-Perry-(A)dS geometry, extending the earlier results for electromagnetic field. In the physically important cases of p=(1,2,3,4), we explicitly write the ODEs governing the dynamics of separable solutions.
Darkness cannot bind them: a no-bound theorem for $d=5$ Myers-Perry null & timelike geodesics
本文证明了 $d=5$ Myers-Perry 黑洞事件视界外不存在有界类时测地线，并将该结论推广至类光测地线，从而完善了该时空的测地线分析并推广了 Wilkins 的经典结论。
We demonstrate separability of the Maxwell's equations in the Myers-Perry-(A)dS geometry and derive explicit solutions for various polarizations. Application of our construction to the four-dimensional Kerr black hole leads to a new ansatz for the Maxwell field which has significant advantages over the previously known parameterization.
Quasinormal modes of massive scalar fields in five-dimensional Myers-Perry black holes with two arbitrary rotation parameters
本文针对具有两个任意旋转参数的五维 Myers-Perry 黑洞，利用可分离的 Klein-Gordon 方程并结合连分数法与矩阵法数值计算有质量标量场 QNM，揭示其衰减性、参数影响、长寿命模及对称性。
A class of perturbative charged rotating dilaton black hole solutions coupled to the nonlinear Born-Infeld electrodynamics is presented. The strategy for obtaining these solutions is to start from Myers-Perry solutions, and then considering the effects of the dilaton field, Born-Infeld parameter as well as the electric charge as a perturbative parameter. We perform the perturbations up to 4th order in the extremal black holes of Einstein-Born-Infeld-dilaton gravity with equal angular momentum and arbitrary dilaton coupling constant. We discuss the physical properties of these black holes and s…
We study the motion of massless test particles in a five dimensional (5D) Myers-Perry black hole spacetime with two spin parameters. The behaviour of the effective potential in view of different values of black hole parameters is discussed in the equatorial plane. The frequency shift of photons is calculated which is found to depend on the spin parameter of black hole and the observed redshift is discussed accordingly. The deflection angle and the strong deflection limit coefficients are also calculated and their behaviour with the spin parameters is analysed in detail. It is observed that the…
Hypershadows of higher dimensional black objects: a case study of cohomogeneity-one d=5 Myers-Perry
该研究针对高维黑洞阴影的认知问题，提出高维黑洞的二维阴影是超阴影的断层扫描结果，以1+4维上同调度为1的Myers-Perry黑洞为例，计算出其三维超阴影，拓展了高维黑洞光学外观的研究维度。
We study the gravitational, electromagnetic and scalar field perturbations on the near-horizon geometries of the even-dimensional extremal Myers-Perry black holes. By dimensional reduction, the perturbation equations are reduced to effective equations of motion in AdS$_2$. We find that some modes in the gravitational perturbations violate the Breitenlöhner-Freedman bound in AdS$_2$. This result suggests that the even-dimensional (near-)extremal Myers-Perry black holes are unstable against gravitational perturbations. We also discuss implications of our results to the Kerr-CFT correspondence.
The critical behavior of Myers-Perry black holes with equal angular momenta in even dimensions are studied. We include the corrections beyond the semiclassical approximation on Hawking temperature in the grand canonical ensemble. Having done so, we find that the critical behavior and critical exponents of Myers-Perry black holes correspond to those of a Van der Waals liquid-gas where this analogy holds in any dimension. Also, using Ehrenfest's equations, we calculate the order of the phase transition in the semiclassical approximation for the canonical ensemble and beyond the semiclassical app…
We review the vacuum solutions of Einstein's equations in higher dimensions known as Myers-Perry metrics. In many respects, these solutions describing spinning black holes admit the same remarkable properties as the standard Kerr black hole in four dimensions. However, studying these solutions also begins to provide some insight into the new and unusual features of event horizons in higher dimensions.
The Kerr-type solutions of the five-dimensional Einstein and Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet equations look pretty similar when written in Kerr-Schild form. However the Myers-Perry spacetime is circular whereas the rotating solution of the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory is not. We explore some consequences of this difference in particular regarding the (non) existence of Boyer-Lindquist-type coordinates and the extension of the manifold.
We study thermodynamic properties of Myers-Perry black holes by deriving explicit fundamental relations from which we can obtain the temperature and specific heat in terms of explicit control parameters in arbitrary dimensions. Using the definition of extremal black holes we establish the generalized Kerr bound in arbitrary dimension. We study thermodynamic geometries of the Myers-Perry black holes with equal angular momenta in arbitrary dimensions and draw thermodynamic cone diagrams which capture the extremal limits of the black holes. Thermodynamic state space is represented geometrically a…
Exact relations on the existence of event horizons of Myers Perry black holes are obtained in $D\leq 10$ dimensions. It is further shown that naked singularities can not be produced by "spinning-up" these black holes by shooting particles into their $\lfloor\frac{D-1}{2}\rfloor$ equatorial planes.
We apply the new version of gedanken experiment designed recently by Sorce and Wald, to over-spin the 5-dimensional Myers-Perry black holes. As a result, the extremal black holes cannot be over-spun at the linear order. On the other hand, although the nearly extremal black holes could be over-spun at the linear order, this process is shown to be prohibited by the quadratic order correction. Thus no violation of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture occurs around the 5-dimensional Myers-Perry black holes.
In this paper, we show that curvature-regular asymptotically flat solitons with negative mass are contained in the Myers-Perry family of odd spacetime dimensions. These solitons do not have a horizon, but instead a conical singularity of quasi-regular nature surrounded by naked CTCs. This quasi-regular singularity can be made regular for a set of discrete values of angular momentum, at least for the Myers-Perry solutions with UG(N) symmetry. Although the time coordinate is required to have a periodicity at infinity and the spatial infinity becomes a lens space S^{D-2}/Z_n, the corresponding sp…
We study separability of scalar, vector and tensor fields in 5-dimensional Myers-Perry spacetimes with equal angular momenta. In these spacetimes, there exists enlarged symmetry, $U(2) \simeq SU(2) \times U(1)$. Using the group theoretical method with a twist, we perform the dimensional reduction at the action level and show that both vector and tensor field equations can be reduced to coupled ordinary differential equations. We reveal the structure of couplings between variables. In particular, we have obtained the decoupled master equations for zero modes of a vector field. The same analysis…
Quadratic Curvature Correction to 5D Myers-Perry Metric
本文研究了五维Myers-Perry黑洞的二次曲率修正，通过高阶展开得到热力学修正结果，与Reall-Santos方法一致。
Inspired by the recent work on the spacetime structure near generic black hole horizons [1], the near horizon charges for an explicit example in higher dimensions than four (d > 4), namely for the five dimensional Myers-Perry metric with two equal rotation parameter are found in Hamiltonian formalism. Finding the supertranslation and the one-form superrotation, it is proved that the Myers-Perry black hole with two equal rotation parameter a = b does not satisfy the gauge flatness condition due to the non-vanishing associated field strength in five dimensional spacetime. It is shown that as the…
Myers-Perry-AdS-dS black hole exhibits SO(2,1)xU(n) symmetry in the near horizon limit in the special case that all rotation parameters are equal. We consider a massive relativistic particle propagating on such a background and reduce it to superintegrable spherical mechanics with U(n) symmetry. A complete set of functionally independent u(n) generators realized in the model is given.
We study separability of the Hamilton-Jacobi and massive Klein-Gordon equations in the general Myers-Perry black hole background in all dimensions. Complete separation of both equations is carried out in cases when there are two sets of equal black hole rotation parameters, which significantly enlarges the rotational symmetry group. We explicitly construct a nontrivial irreducible Killing tensor associated with the enlarged symmetry group which permits separation. We also derive first-order equations of motion for particles in these backgrounds and examine some of their properties.
We investigate the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in Myers-Perry black holes with arbitrary rotations in general dimensions based on the scattering of a massless scalar field. From the fluxes of the scalar field flowing into the black hole, the changes in mass and angular momenta of the black hole are obtained. However, the extremal and near-extremal black holes with the aforementioned changes are still black holes in the final state. Hence, the conjecture is valid for our investigation. Furthermore, we analyze the changes in the black hole from a thermodynamic perspective to highlight that…
We obtain a new exact solution of the 5D Einstein equations in vacuum describing a distorted Myers-Perry black hole with a single angular momentum. Locally, the solution is interpreted as a black hole distorted by a stationary $U(1)\times U(1)$ symmetric distribution of external matter. Technically, the solution is constructed by applying a 2-fold Bäcklund transformation on a 5D distorted Minkowski spacetime as a seed. The physical quantities of the solution are calculated, and a local Smarr-like relation on the black hole horizon is derived. It possesses the same form as the Smarr-like relati…
In this note we demonstrate the existence of a one-parameter family of initial data for the vacuum Einstein equations in five dimensions representing small deformations of the extreme Myers-Perry black hole. This initial data set has `$t-ϕ^i$' symmetry and preserves the angular momenta and horizon geometry of the extreme solution. Our proof is based upon an earlier result of Dain and Gabach-Clement concerning the existence of $U(1)$-invariant initial data sets which preserve the geometry of extreme Kerr (at least for short times)
We investigate the separability of Klein-Gordon equation on near horizon of d-dimensional rotating Myers-Perry black hole in two limits : 1) generic extremal case and 2) extremal vanishing horizon case. In the first case , there is a relation between the mass and rotation parameters so that black hole temperature vanishes. In the latter case, one of the rotation parameters is restricted to zero on top of the extremality condition. We show that the Klein-Gordon equation is separable in both cases. Also, we solved the radial part of that equation and discuss its behaviour in small and large r re…
In this article we study the geodesic motion of test particles and light in the five-dimensional Myers-Perry-anti de Sitter spacetime. We derive the equations of motion and present their solutions in terms of the Weierstraß $\wp$-, $σ$- and $ζ$-functions. With the help of parametric diagrams and effective potentials we analyze the geodesic motion and give a list of all possible orbit types for timelike, null and spacelike geodesics. We plot examples of the orbits and take a look at the photon region in five dimensions. Furthermore we study spacelike geodesics and their relation to the AdS/CFT …
The Myers-Perry black holes are higher-dimensional generalizations of the usual (3+1)-dimensional rotating Kerr black hole. They are of considerable interest in Kaluza-Klein models, specifically within the context of brane-world versions thereof. In the present article we shall consider the greybody factors associated with scalar field excitations of the Myers-Perry spacetimes, and develop some rigorous bounds on these greybody factors. These bounds are of relevance for characterizing both the higher-dimensional Hawking radiation, and the super-radiance, that is expected for these spacetimes.
We study the class of vacuum (Ricci flat) six-dimensional spacetimes admitting a non-degenerate multiple Weyl aligned null direction l, thus being of Weyl type II or more special. Subject to an additional assumption on the asymptotic fall-off of the Weyl tensor, we prove that these spacetimes can be completely classified in terms of the two eigenvalues of the (asymptotic) twist matrix of l and of a discrete parameter $U^0=\pm 1/2, 0$. All solutions turn out to be Kerr-Schild spacetimes of type D and reduce to a family of "generalized" Myers-Perry metrics (which include limits and analytic cont…
We study the null geodesics extending from the near-horizon region out to the far region in the background of the Schwarzschild and the singly-spinning Myers-Perry black holes in the large dimension limit. We find that in this limit the radial integrals of these geodesics can be obtained by using the method of matched asymptotic expansions. If the motion of the photon is confined to the equator plane, then all geodesic equations are solvable analytically. The study in this paper may provide a toy model to analyze the observables relevant to the electromagnetic phenomena occurring near the blac…
We have investigated the upper bound of the radiation energy in the head-on collision of two Myers-Perry black holes. Initially, the two black holes are far away from each other, and they become one black hole after the collision. We have obtained the upper bound of the radiation energy thermodynamically allowed in the process. The upper bound of the radiation energy is obtained in general dimensions. The radiation bound depends on the alignments of rotating axes for a given initial condition due to spin-spin interaction. We have found that the collision may not be occurred for a initially ult…
In the present paper we explore the Hawking radiation as a quantum tunneling effect from a rotating 5 dimensional Myers-Perry black hole (5D-MPBH) with two independent angular momentum components. First, we investigate the Hawking temperature by considering the tunneling of massive scalar particles and spin-1 vector particles from the 5D-MPBH in the Painlevé coordinates and then in the corotating frames. More specifically, we solve the Klein-Gordon and Proca equations by applying the WKB method and Hamilton-Jacobi equation in both cases. Finally, we recover the Hawking temperature and show tha…
We compute the proper time Lyapunov exponent for charged Myers Perry black hole spacetime and investigate the instability of the equatorial circular geodesics (both timelike and null) via this exponent. We also show that for more than four spacetime dimensions $(N \geq 3)$, there are \emph{no} Innermost Stable Circular Orbits (ISCOs) in charged Myers Perry black hole spacetime. We further show that among all possible circular orbits, timelike circular orbits have \emph{longer} orbital periods than null circular orbits (photon spheres) as measured by asymptotic observers. Thus, timelike circula…
Probing the multipolar structure of Myers-Perry black holes with scattering amplitudes
本文利用Kerr-Schild规范下的树级散射振幅研究Myers-Perry黑洞的多极结构，重点在五维情形推导领头阶eikonal相位，并给出两种角动量极限下的显式表达式，揭示其应力多极矩等超出四维Kerr黑洞的丰富结构。
We study quantum gravity effects for Myers-Perry black holes assuming that the leading contributions arise from the renormalization group evolution of Newton's coupling. Provided that gravity weakens following the asymptotic safety conjecture, we find that quantum effects lift a degeneracy of higher-dimensional black holes, and dominate over kinematical ones induced by rotation, particularly for small black hole mass, large angular momentum, and higher space-time dimensionality. Quantum-corrected space-times display inner and outer horizons, and show the existence of a black hole of smallest m…
We consider massive Dirac fields evolving in the exterior region of a 5-dimensional Myers-Perry black hole and study their propagation properties. Our main result states that the local energy of such fields decays in a weak sense at late times. We obtain this result in two steps: first, using the separability of the Dirac equation, we prove the absence of a pure point spectrum for the corresponding Dirac operator; second, using a new form of the equation adapted to the local rotations of the black hole, we show by a Mourre theory argument that the spectrum is absolutely continuous. This leads …
This study investigates the stability of higher-dimensional singly rotating Myers-Perry-de Sitter (MP-dS) black holes against scalar field perturbations. The phase spaces of MP-dS black holes with one spin parameter are discussed. Additionally, the quasinormal modes (QNMs) of MP-dS black holes are calculated via the asymptotic iteration method and sixth-order Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation. For near-extremal MP-dS black holes, the event horizon may be considerably close to the cosmological horizon. In such cases, the Pöschl-Teller technique yields an accurate analytic formula for the …
Dynamics of Myers-Perry black holes with almost equal angular momenta in odd dimensions
本文利用大 D 有效理论研究了奇数维中角动量近似相等的 Myers-Perry 黑洞的非线性动力学，将稳态相映射到单旋转相并得到了相图，同时揭示了拓扑改变跃迁的可能启示。
We investigate dynamics of probe particles moving in the near-horizon limit of (2N+1)-dimensional extremal Myers-Perry black hole with arbitrary rotation parameters. We observe that in the most general case with nonequal nonvanishing rotational parameters the system admits separation of variables in N-dimensional ellipsoidal coordinates. This allows us to find solution of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation and write down the explicit expressions of Liouville constants of motion.
Even though the Myers-Perry five dimensional rotating black hole with two rotations could be overspun by test particle accretion, yet it turns out as we show in this letter that it cannot do so for a single rotation. On the other hand it is known that there exists no extremal limit for a black hole with single rotation in dimensions greater than equal to six. It has been proven that all higher dimensional ($>4$) rotating black holes with only one single rotation can never be overspun under test particle linear accretion and hence would always obey CCC in the weak form.
We consider scalar field perturbations of the asymptotically Gödel 5-dimensional charged rotating black holes with two equal angular momenta. It is shown that the spectrum of proper oscillations of the perturbation includes superradiant unstable modes. The reason for the instability is the confining Dirichlet boundary condition at the asymptotically far region of the Gödel Universe. The confining box makes superradiant modes extract rotational energy from the black hole and, after repeated reflections from the black hole, grow unboundedly. A similar instability takes place for rotating black h…
We provide a systematic account of integrability of the spherical mechanics associated with the near horizon extremal Myers-Perry black hole in arbitrary dimension for the special case that all rotation parameters are equal. The integrability is established both in the original coordinates and in action-angle variables. It is demonstrated that the spherical mechanics associated with the black hole in d=2n+1 is maximally superintegrable, while its counterpart related to the black hole in d=2n lacks for only one integral of motion to be maximally superintegrable.
A black hole casts a shadow as an optical appearance because of its strong gravitational field. We study the shadow cast by the five-dimensional Myers-Perry black hole with equal rotation parameters. We demonstrate that the null geodesic equations can be integrated that allows us to investigate the shadow cast by a black hole. The shadow of a black hole is found to be a dark zone covered by deformed circle. Interestingly, the shapes of the black hole shadow are more distorted and size decreases for larger black hole spins. Interestingly, it turns out that, for fixed values of rotation paramete…
We construct a new class of perturbative extremal charged rotating black hole solutions in five dimensions in the Einstein--Born-Infeld theory. We start with an extremal five-dimensional Myers-Perry black hole seed in which the two possible angular momenta have equal magnitude, and add Born-Infeld electrical charge keeping the extremality condition as a constraint. The perturbative parameter is assumed to be the electric charge $q$ and the perturbations are performed up to 4th order. We also study some physical properties of these black holes. It is shown that the perturbative parameter $q$ an…
We consider the massive Dirac equation in the exterior region of the 5-dimensional Myers-Perry black hole. Using the resulting ODEs obtained from the separation of variables of the Dirac equation, we construct an integral spectral representation for the solution of the Cauchy problem with compactly supported smooth initial data. We then prove that the probability of presence of a Dirac particle to be in any compact region of space decays to zero as $t\to\infty$, in analogy with the case of the Dirac operator in the Kerr-Newman geometry.
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