arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 0904.1672cs.AIcs.LO
收藏

CP逻辑:一种因果概率事件语言及其与逻辑程序设计的关系

CP-logic: A Language of Causal Probabilistic Events and Its Relation to Logic Programming

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven(天主教鲁汶大学)

Joost Vennekens, Marc Denecker, Maurice Bruynooghe

摘要:

本文发展了一种表示概率因果律的逻辑语言。我们对这种语言的兴趣是双重的。首先,它可以作为因果知识表示的基础研究。因果关系具有内在的动态方面,Shafer在他的概率树框架中已经在语义层面上进行了研究。在这样一个动态的背景下,考虑到一个领域随时间的演变,因果律作为指导这种演变的东西的想法是很自然的。在我们的形式化,一组概率因果律可以用来表示一类概率树在一个简洁,灵活和模块化的方式。通过这种方式,我们的工作扩展了Shafer的语义对象提供了一个方便的逻辑表示。其次,这种语言也与概率逻辑编程领域相关。特别是,我们证明,在我们的语言的理论的形式语义可以等价地定义为概率分布在良好的基础模型的某些逻辑程序,使它正式非常类似于现有的语言,如ICL或PRISM。因为我们可以用一种完全独立的方式来激发和解释我们的语言,将其作为概率因果律的表示,这就为解释这种概率逻辑程序背后的直觉提供了一种新的方式:我们可以用非逻辑学家同样可以理解的术语来精确地说这种程序表达了哪些知识。此外,我们还获得了一个额外的一块知识表示方法的概率逻辑程序,通过展示他们如何表达概率因果律。

英文摘要:

This papers develops a logical language for representing probabilistic causal laws. Our interest in such a language is twofold. First, it can be motivated as a fundamental study of the representation of causal knowledge. Causality has an inherent dynamic aspect, which has been studied at the semantical level by Shafer in his framework of probability trees. In such a dynamic context, where the evolution of a domain over time is considered, the idea of a causal law as something which guides this evolution is quite natural. In our formalization, a set of probabilistic causal laws can be used to represent a class of probability trees in a concise, flexible and modular way. In this way, our work extends Shafer's by offering a convenient logical representation for his semantical objects. Second, this language also has relevance for the area of probabilistic logic programming. In particular, we prove that the formal semantics of a theory in our language can be equivalently defined as a probability distribution over the well-founded models of certain logic programs, rendering it formally quite similar to existing languages such as ICL or PRISM. Because we can motivate and explain our language in a completely self-contained way as a representation of probabilistic causal laws, this provides a new way of explaining the intuitions behind such probabilistic logic programs: we can say precisely which knowledge such a program expresses, in terms that are equally understandable by a non-logician. Moreover, we also obtain an additional piece of knowledge representation methodology for probabilistic logic programs, by showing how they can express probabilistic causal laws.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑