叶绿体微卫星：遗传多样性〈动〉性<动>和同源性效应
Chloroplast microsatellites: measures of genetic diversity and the effect of homoplasy
摘要：
近年来，叶绿体微卫星在针叶树群体遗传研究中得到了广泛的应用。然而，它们的单倍型构型表明它们可能具有高水平的同源性，从而限制了这些分子标记的能力。利用基于聚结器的计算机模拟方法，探讨了同源性对基于叶绿体微卫星的遗传多样性〈动〉性<动>的影响。模拟的条件被定义为适合孤立的人口起源于一个单一的单倍型到一个地区留下的冰川退缩后的殖民化。模拟数据进行了比较，经验数据从文献中的一个物种的松，扩大后，末次冰期最大的北部。在遗传多样性〈动〉性<动>中，同源性对Nei无偏单倍型多样性（H（E））的影响较小，而对Goldstein遗传距离（D2 sh）的影响较大。本文还讨论了叶绿体微卫星位点数目对遗传多样性〈动〉性<动>的影响。
英文摘要：
Chloroplast microsatellites have been widely used in population genetic studies of conifers in recent years. However, their haplotype configurations suggest that they could have high levels of homoplasy, thus limiting the power of these molecular markers. A coalescent-based computer simulation was used to explore the influence of homoplasy on measures of genetic diversity based on chloroplast microsatellites. The conditions of the simulation were defined to fit isolated populations originating from the colonization of one single haplotype into an area left available after a glacial retreat. Simulated data were compared with empirical data available from the literature for a species of Pinus that has expanded north after the Last Glacial Maximum. In the evaluation of genetic diversity, homoplasy was found to have little influence on Nei's unbiased haplotype diversity (H(E)) while Goldstein's genetic distance estimates (D2sh) were much more affected. The effect of the number of chloroplast microsatellite loci for evaluation of genetic diversity is also discussed.
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