Kinematics of SDSS subdwarfs: Structure and substructure of the Milky Way halo
M. C. Smith, N. W. Evans, V. Belokurov, P. C. Hewett, D. M. Bramich, G. Gilmore, M. J. Irwin, S. Vidrih, D. B. Zucker
备注：
16 pages, 13 figures, MNRAS (in press). Revised following referee's comments; using new and improved parallax relation. Results and conclusions unchanged
We construct a new sample of ~1700 solar neighbourhood halo subdwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, selected using a reduced proper motion diagram. Radial velocities come from the SDSS spectra and proper motions from the light-motion curve catalogue of Bramich et al. (2008). Using a photometric parallax relation to estimate distances gives us the full phase-space coordinates. Typical velocity errors are in the range 30-50 km/s. This halo sample is one of the largest constructed to-date and the disc contamination is at a level of < 1 per cent. This enables us to calculate the halo velocity dispersion to excellent accuracy. We find that the velocity dispersion tensor is aligned in spherical polar coordinates and that (sigma_r, sigma_phi, sigma_theta) = (143 \pm 2, 82 \pm 2, 77 \pm 2) km/s. The stellar halo exhibits no net rotation, although the distribution of v_phi shows tentative evidence for asymmetry. The kinematics are consistent with a mildly flattened stellar density falling with distance like r^{-3.75}. Using the full phase-space coordinates, we look for signs of kinematic substructure in the stellar halo. We find evidence for four discrete overdensities localised in angular momentum and suggest that they may be possible accretion remnants. The most prominent is the solar neighbourhood stream previously identified by Helmi et al. (1999), but the remaining three are new. One of these overdensities is potentially associated with a group of four globular clusters (NGC5466, NGC6934, M2 and M13) and raises the possibility that these could have been accreted as part of a much larger progenitor.
New ultracool subdwarfs identified in large-scale surveys using Virtual Observatory tools: II. SDSS DR7 vs UKIDSS LAS DR6, SDSS DR7 vs UKIDSS LAS DR8, SDSS DR9 vs UKIDSS LAS DR10, and SDSS DR7 vs 2MASS
我们的目标是发展一种有效的方法来寻找晚型次矮星（光谱类型>M5的金属耗尽矮星），以改善目前的统计。我们的目标是：提高我们对贫金属低质量矮星的认识，弥合晚M型和L型之间的差距，确定它们的表面密度，并了解金属丰度对恒星和亚恒星质量函数的影响。我们使用STILTS、Aladin和Topcat对SDSS、2 MASS和UKIDSS进行了交叉匹配搜索。我们考虑了不同的光度和自行标准，我们的选择。我们确定了29和71晚型亚矮星候选人在每个交叉相关超过8826和3679平方度，分别。我们获得了71个候选人的低分辨率光谱与GTC，NOT和VLT和检索光谱的30个候选人从SDSS光谱数据库。我们分类92候选人的101光谱的基础上使用两种方法：光谱指数和比较与模板已知的次矮星。我们分别从SDSS与2 MASS和SDSS与UKIDSS交叉匹配中确认了86%和94%的候选者为晚型次矮星。这些次矮星的光谱类型介于M5和L0.5之间，SDSS星等在r=19.4-23.3等范围内。我们新发现的晚型M包括49颗次矮星、25颗极端次矮星、6颗超次矮星、1颗次矮星/极端次矮星和2颗矮星/次矮星。在SDSS DR 7与UKIDSS LAS DR 10的交叉比对中，我们得出晚型次矮星的表面密度为每平方度0.040 $^{+0.012}_{-0.007}$。我们还检查了已知和新的亚矮星的AllWISE测光，发现M亚矮星的中…
Unsupervised Chemo-Dynamical Dissection of the Inner Galactic Halo: Discovery of Five Accreted Substructures with SDSS-V and Gaia
Institute of Graduate Studies in Science, Istanbul University（伊斯坦布尔大学研究生科学学院）；Faculty of Science, Department of Astronomy and Space Sciences, Istanbul University（伊斯坦布尔大学理学院天文与空间科学系）
Cartography of Triangulum-Andromeda using SDSS stars
外部的星系晕是许多子结构的家园，这些子结构的起源仍然不确定，但最有可能是银河系与其前卫星之间以前相互作用的残余物。三角座-仙女座（TriAnd）是这些晕子结构之一，被发现是2 M质量巨星的超密度。我们使用斯隆数字巡天第九次数据发布（SDSS DR 9）的光度数据分析了三角座-仙女座区域。通过将观测结果与TRILEGAL银河系模型的模拟结果进行比较，我们能够识别并绘制出几个分散的高密度主序星，这些恒星似乎与TriAnd有关，覆盖了$\sim 500$度$^2$的大片区域。其中一个过度可能代表了一种新的恒星密度过高。我们还简要讨论了另一种假设，根据该假设，TriAnd是银河系盘中振荡环的槽之一。
We present a model-fit pipeline to determine the stellar parameters of M-type dwarfs, which is an improvement upon our previous work described in Hejazi et al. 2020. We apply this pipeline to analyze the low-resolution (R~2000) spectra of 3745 M dwarfs/subdwarfs, collected at the MDM Observatory, Lick Observatory, Kitt Peak National Observatory, and Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory. We examine the variation of the inferred parameter values in the HR diagram constructed from their Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) parallaxes and optical magnitudes. We also study the distribution of our sta…
A High Resolution Search for Dual AGN Candidates in Mergers: A Pre-Selection Strategy using Keck AO
George Mason University（乔治梅森大学）；University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；U.S. Naval Observatory（美国海军天文台）；NASA Goddard Space Flight Center（NASA戈达德太空飞行中心）；Ehime University（爱媛大学）；U.S. Naval Research Laboratory（美国海军研究实验室）；University of Florida（佛罗里达大学）；University of Maryland（马里兰大学）
We analyze the anisotropy profile of the Milky Way's smooth, diffuse stellar halo using SDSS/SEGUE blue horizontal branch stars and SDSS/SEGUE and LAMOST K giants. These intrinsically luminous stars allow us to probe the halo to approximately 100 kpc from the Galactic center. Line-of-sight velocities, distances, metallicities, and proper motions are available for all stars via SDSS/SEGUE, LAMOST, and Gaia, and we use these data to construct a full 7D set consisting of positions, space motions, and metallicity. We remove substructure from our samples using integrals of motion based on the metho…
We identify substructures of the Galactic halo using 3,003 type $ab$ RR Lyraes (RRab) with 6D position-velocity information from the SDSS, LAMOST, and Gaia EDR3. Based on the information, we define the separation of any two of the stars in the integrals of motion space and identify substructures by utilizing the friends-of-friends algorithm. We identify members belonging to several known substructures: the Sagittarius stream, the Gaia-Enceladus-Sausage (GES), the Sequoia, and the Helmi streams. In addition to these known substructures, there are three other substructures possibly associated wi…
Although Blue Horizontal Branch (BHB) stars are commonly used to trace halo substructure, the stars bluer than (g-r)<-0.3 are ignored due to the difficulty in determining their absolute magnitudes. The blue extention of the horizontal branch (HBX) includes BHB tail stars and Extreme Horizontal Branch (EHB) stars. We present a method for identifying HBX stars in the field, using spectra and photometry from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 14 (SDSS DR14). We derive an estimate for the absolute magnitudes of BHB tail and EHB stars as a function of color, and use this relationship to calc…
There are expected to be physical relationships between the globular clusters (GCs) and stellar substructures in the Milky Way, not all of which have yet been found. We search for such substructures from a combined halo sample of SDSS blue horizontal-branch and SDSS+LAMOST RR Lyrae stars, cross-matched with astrometric information from $Gaia$ DR2. This is a sample of old stars which are also excellent tracers of structures, ideal for searching for ancient relics in the outer stellar halo. By applying the neural-network-based method StarGO to the full 4D dynamical space of our sample, we redisc…
Mapping the Distant and Metal-Poor Milky Way with SDSS-V
Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago（芝加哥大学天文与天体物理系）；Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago（芝加哥大学卡弗里宇宙物理学研究所）；NSF-Simons AI Institute for the Sky (SkAI)（NSF-Simons 天空人工智能研究所 (SkAI)）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；Department of Astronomy, Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学天文学系）；Department of Astronomy, Boston University（波士顿大学天文学系）；Instituto de Astrofísica, Departamento de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello（安第斯贝尔托大学精确科学学院物理与天文学系天体物理研究所）；LIRA
We explore the contribution of the Gaia-Sausage to the stellar halo of the Milky Way by making use of a Gaussian Mixture model (GMM) and applying it to halo star samples of LAMOST K giants, SEGUE K giants, and SDSS blue horizontal branch stars. The GMM divides the stellar halo into two parts, of which one represents a more metal-rich and highly radially biased component associated with an ancient, head-on collision referred to as the Gaia-Sausage, and the other one is a more metal-poor and isotropic halo. A symmetric bimodal Gaussian is used to describe the distribution of spherical velocity o…
