arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0903.5329astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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NGC 5408超铝X射线源的光电离星云和可变光学连续辐射

A Photoionized Nebula Surrounding and Variable Optical Continuum Emission from the Ultraluminous X-Ray Source in NGC 5408

Philip Kaaret, Stephane Corbel

摘要:

我们用VLT上的FORS摄谱仪获得了超铝X射线源NGC 5408 X-1对应物的光谱。光谱显示出强的高激发发射线,He{ \sc ii} $λ$ 4686和[Ne{ \sc V}] $λ$ 3426,指示X射线光电离。利用测得的X射线谱作为输入光电离模型,计算了He{ \sc ii}和X射线亮度之间的关系,发现He{ \sc ii}通量暗示了$3 \times 10^{39} \rm erg s^{-1}$的X射线亮度的下限。[Ne{ \sc v}]通量需要类似的X射线光度。在减去星云发射后,连续谱呈现出幂律形式,光谱斜率为$-2.0^{+0.1}_{-0.2}$。这类似于低质量的X射线双星,其光谱主要是由外部吸积盘中的X射线再处理所决定的。在一次观测中,连续体He{ \sc ii} $λ$ 4686和[Ne{ \sc V}] $λ$ 3426的通量比其他五次观测低约30%。这意味着部分线发射起源于致密物体的一个光日之内。将光学连续谱发射和存档的X射线数据拟合到辐照盘模型中,我们发现总辐射光度的$(6.5 \pm 0.7) \times 10^{-3}$在外部吸积盘中是热化的。这与恒星质量X射线双星的数值一致,并且比超级爱丁顿吸积流模型中的预期值要大。我们没有发现任何证据的吸收线,将允许测量的径向速度的伴星。

英文摘要:

We obtained optical spectra of the counterpart of the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 5408 X-1 using the FORS spectrograph on the VLT. The spectra show strong high excitation emission lines, He{\sc ii} $λ$4686 and [Ne{\sc V}] $λ$3426, indicative of X-ray photoionization. Using the measured X-ray spectrum as input to a photoionization model, we calculated the relation between the He{\sc ii} and X-ray luminosities and found that the He{\sc ii} flux implies a lower bound on the X-ray luminosity of $3 \times 10^{39} \rm erg s^{-1}$. The [Ne{\sc v}] flux requires a similar X-ray luminosity. After subtraction of the nebular emission, the continuum appears to have a power-law form with a spectral slope of $-2.0^{+0.1}_{-0.2}$. This is similar to low-mass X-ray binaries where the optical spectra are dominated by reprocessing of X-rays in the outer accretion disk. In one observation, the continuum, He{\sc ii} $λ$4686, and [Ne{\sc V}] $λ$3426 fluxes are about 30% lower than in the other five observations. This implies that part of the line emission originates within one light-day of the compact object. Fitting the optical continuum emission and archival X-ray data to an irradiated disk model, we find that $(6.5 \pm 0.7) \times 10^{-3}$ of the total bolometric luminosity is thermalized in the outer accretion disk. This is consistent with values found for stellar-mass X-ray binaries and larger than expected in models of super-Eddington accretion flows. We find no evidence for absorption lines that would permit measurement of the radial velocity of the companion star.

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