搓板路的尺度和动力学
Scaling and dynamics of washboard road
摘要：
颗粒表面受到由于滚动轮产生的力，在临界速度以上产生波纹。由此产生的模式，被称为“洗衣板”或“波纹”的道路，是常见的干燥，未铺砌的道路。我们研究了这种现象的理论和实验，使用实验室规模的设备和床的干砂。在一个圆形轨道上的一层厚厚的沙子是由一个滚轮压在一个臂上的，这个臂的重量和转动惯量是可变的。我们比较了由滚轮产生的波纹和使用简单的倾斜犁刀产生的波纹。我们调查了各种参数的临界速度的依赖关系，并描述了一个缩放参数，导致一个无量纲的比例，类似于流体动力学弗劳德数，控制不稳定。这代表了保守的动态力和耗散的静态力之间的交叉。以上发病，车轮驱动的波纹移动方向的车轮，但犁驱动的波纹移动方向相反的弗劳德数的范围很窄。
英文摘要：
Granular surfaces subjected to forces due to rolling wheels develop ripples above a critical speed. The resulting pattern, known as "washboard" or "corrugated" road, is common on dry, unpaved roads. We investigated this phenomenon theoretically and experimentally, using laboratory-scale apparatus and beds of dry sand. A thick layer of sand on a circular track was forced by a rolling wheel on an arm whose weight and moment of inertia could be varied. We compared the ripples made by the rolling wheel to those made using a simple inclined plow blade. We investigated the dependence of the critical speed on various parameters, and describe a scaling argument which leads to a dimensionless ratio, analogous to the hydrodynamic Froude number, which controls the instability. This represents the crossover between conservative, dynamic forces and dissipative, static forces. Above onset, wheel-driven ripples move in the direction of motion of the wheel, but plow-driven ripples move in the reverse direction for a narrow range of Froude numbers.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
