具有各向异性自旋相关费米面的奇异成对态
Exotic paired states with anisotropic spin-dependent Fermi surfaces
摘要：
提出了一个在冷原子费米气体中实现奇异成对态的模型。通过使用{ \it自旋相关}光晶格，可以为每个超精细物质设计相对于彼此旋转90度的空间各向异性费米表面。我们考虑一个平衡的费米子人口与吸引力的相互作用。我们探索BCS平均场相图作为各向异性，密度和相互作用强度的函数，并发现存在一个不寻常的成对的超流态与共存口袋的动量空间与无间隙的未成对的载流子。这种状态是极化混合物中Sarma或破坏对状态的相对状态，但在我们的例子中，费米气体是非极化的。我们还提出了可能存在一个奇异的配对“库珀对玻色金属”（CPBM）相，它有一个单一的费米子激发，但无隙和未压缩的“库珀对“的激发驻留在“玻色表面”在动量空间的间隙。
英文摘要：
We propose a model for realizing exotic paired states in cold atomic Fermi gases. By using a {\it spin dependent} optical lattice it is possible to engineer spatially anisotropic Fermi surfaces for each hyperfine species, that are rotated 90 degrees with respect to one another. We consider a balanced population of the fermions with an attractive interaction. We explore the BCS mean field phase diagram as a function of the anisotropy, density, and interaction strength, and find the existence of an unusual paired superfluid state with coexisting pockets of momentum space with gapless unpaired carriers. This state is a relative of the Sarma or breached pair states in polarized mixtures, but in our case the Fermi gas is unpolarized. We also propose the possible existence of an exotic paired "Cooper-pair Bose-Metal" (CPBM) phase, which has a gap for single fermion excitations but gapless and uncondensed "Cooper pair" excitations residing on a "Bose-surface" in momentum space.
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