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arXiv 0903.0672astro-ph.GA
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用甚长基线列阵观测到的3C 147星系H I结构在AU尺度上的空间变化

Spatial Variations in Galactic H I Structure on AU-Scales Toward 3C 147 Observed with the Very Long Baseline Array

T. Joseph W. Lazio, C. L. Brogan, W. M. Goss, S. Stanimirovic

摘要:

本文报道了双历元甚长基线阵列对3C 147的H I吸收观测。其中一个时期(2005年)代表新的观测,而另一个时期(1998年)代表对以前观测的再处理,以获得更高的信噪比结果。在空间和时间上观察到了H I不透明度和柱密度的显著变化,典型的变化在Δτ~ 0. 20的水平上,在某些情况下高达Δτ~ 0. 70,对应于假设的50 K自旋温度下5 x 10^{19} cm^{-2}量级的柱密度波动。典型的角标度是15质量;虽然到吸收气体的距离是高度不确定的,但等效的线性标度可能是大约10天文单位。大约10%的面的源是由这些不透明度的变化,可能意味着体积填充因子的小规模吸收气体不超过约1%。将我们的结果与3C 138的早期结果(Brogan等人)进行比较,我们发现了许多相似之处,我们得出结论,小规模吸收气体是一种普遍存在的现象,尽管在任何给定的视线上被拦截的概率很低。此外,我们比较了两个时期之间通过银河系的视线所采样的体积,并得出结论,仅根据太阳的运动,这两个体积很可能有很大的不同。为了对这些小规模结构的起源的各种模型施加更大的限制,在未来的任何观测中都需要更频繁的采样。

英文摘要:

This paper reports dual-epoch, Very Long Baseline Array observations of H I absorption toward 3C 147. One of these epochs (2005) represents new observations while one (1998) represents the reprocessing of previous observations to obtain higher signal-to-noise results. Significant H I opacity and column density variations, both spatially and temporally, are observed with typical variations at the level of Δτ~ 0.20 and in some cases as large as Δτ~ 0.70, corresponding to column density fluctuations of order 5 x 10^{19} cm^{-2} for an assumed 50 K spin temperature. The typical angular scale is 15 mas; while the distance to the absorbing gas is highly uncertain, the equivalent linear scale is likely to be about 10 AU. Approximately 10% of the face of the source is covered by these opacity variations, probably implying a volume filling factor for the small-scale absorbing gas of no more than about 1%. Comparing our results with earlier results toward 3C 138 (Brogan et al.), we find numerous similarities, and we conclude that small-scale absorbing gas is a ubiquitous phenomenon, albeit with a low probability of intercept on any given line of sight. Further, we compare the volumes sampled by the line of sight through the Galaxy between our two epochs and conclude that, on the basis of the motion of the Sun alone, these two volumes are likely to be substantially different. In order to place more significant constraints on the various models for the origin of these small-scale structures, more frequent sampling is required in any future observations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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