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arXiv 0903.0205astro-ph.HEastro-ph.CO
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超高Energy宇宙射线白皮书

White Paper on Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays

A. V. Olinto, J. H. Adams, C. D. Dermer, J. F. Krizmanic, J. W. Mitchell, P. Sommers, T. Stanev, F. W. Stecker, Y. Takahashi

摘要:

在未来十年中可以回答的一个基本问题是:最高能量宇宙粒子的起源是什么?最高能量宇宙射线源的发现将揭示近代宇宙中最具活力的天体物理环境的运作。候选的来源范围从紧凑物体的诞生到与伽马射线暴有关的爆炸或在活动星系核中的超大质量黑洞周围产生的爆炸。对超高能宇宙射线的研究,除了开启高能天体物理学的新纪元外,还将制约银河系和河外磁场的结构。这些粒子从源到地球的传播也探测了宇宙背景辐射,并在比陆地实验室所能达到的能量高几个数量级的情况下深入了解粒子相互作用。设计用于研究最高能量宇宙射线的下一代天文台将对超高能光子和中微子具有前所未有的灵敏度,这将进一步阐明宇宙在最极端能量下的运作。为了在2010-2020十年期间应对这一挑战,将需要显著增加对6 1019 eV以上宇宙射线的综合暴露。回答这个开放性问题的技术能力就在眼前,探索带电粒子天文学的时机已经成熟。

英文摘要:

A fundamental question that can be answered in the next decade is: WHAT IS THE ORIGIN OF THE HIGHEST ENERGY COSMIC PARTICLES? The discovery of the sources of the highest energy cosmic rays will reveal the workings of the most energetic astrophysical environments in the recent universe. Candidate sources range from the birth of compact objects to explosions related to gamma-ray bursts or generated around supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei. In addition to beginning a new era of high-energy astrophysics, the study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays will constrain the structure of the Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields. The propagation of these particles from source to Earth also probes the cosmic background radiation and gives insight into particle interactions at orders of magnitude higher energy than can be achieved in terrestrial laboratories. Next generation observatories designed to study the highest energy cosmic rays will have unprecedented sensitivity to ultra-high energy photons and neutrinos, which will further illuminate the workings of the universe at the most extreme energies. For this challenge to be met during the 2010-2020 decade, a significant increase in the integrated exposure to cosmic rays above 6 1019 eV will be necessary. The technical capabilities for answering this open question are at hand and the time is ripe for exploring Charged Particle Astronomy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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