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arXiv 0903.0101astro-ph.CO
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暗星：宇宙中第一颗恒星的新研究

Dark Stars: A New Study of the FIrst Stars in the Universe

Katherine Freese, Douglas Spolyar, Peter Bodenheimer, Paolo Gondolo

备注：
article to be published in special issue on Dark Matter and Particle Physics in New Journal of Physics
发表信息：
New J.Phys.11:105014,2009
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摘要：

我们提出，宇宙历史上恒星演化的第一阶段可能是暗星（DS），由暗物质加热而不是核聚变提供动力。弱相互作用的大质量粒子，可能是它们自己的反伴子，在第一批恒星内部聚集并湮灭，产生一个可以为恒星提供能量的热源。一个新的恒星阶段的结果，暗星，由暗物质湮灭提供动力，只要有暗物质燃料，寿命从数百万到数十亿年。我们发现第一批恒星在DS阶段非常明亮（$\sim 10^6 L_\odot$）和凉爽（$T_{surf} < 10,000$ K），并成长为非常大的质量（太阳质量的500-1000倍）。这些结果与没有DM加热时的标准图像有明显的不同，后者的最大质量约为140 $M_\odot$，温度要高得多（$T_{surf} > 50,000$ K）;因此DS在观测上应该与标准的Pop III星不同。一旦暗物质燃料耗尽，DS就变成了一颗重的主序星;这些恒星最终坍缩形成大质量黑洞，可能为早期观测到的超大质量黑洞提供了种子，也为最近的ARCADE数据和中等质量的黑洞提供了解释。

英文摘要：

We have proposed that the first phase of stellar evolution in the history of the Universe may be Dark Stars (DS), powered by dark matter heating rather than by nuclear fusion. Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, which may be their own antipartners, collect inside the first stars and annihilate to produce a heat source that can power the stars. A new stellar phase results, a Dark Star, powered by dark matter annihilation as long as there is dark matter fuel, with lifetimes from millions to billions of years. We find that the first stars are very bright ($\sim 10^6 L_\odot$) and cool ($T_{surf} < 10,000$K) during the DS phase, and grow to be very massive (500-1000 times as massive as the Sun). These results differ markedly from the standard picture in the absence of DM heating, in which the maximum mass is about 140$M_\odot$ and the temperatures are much hotter ($T_{surf} > 50,000$K); hence DS should be observationally distinct from standard Pop III stars. Once the dark matter fuel is exhausted, the DS becomes a heavy main sequence star; these stars eventually collapse to form massive black holes that may provide seeds for supermassive black holes observed at early times as well as explanations for recent ARCADE data and for intermediate black holes.

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