爱因斯坦会对引力有最后的发言权吗？
Will Einstein Have the Last Word on Gravity?
摘要：
这是一份提交给2010年天文学十年回顾进程的白皮书，讨论了由欧空局-美国宇航局拟议的引力波观测站LISA在毫赫兹频段观测引力波可能对引力理论进行的潜在检验。一个关键的问题是，在这个由黑洞组成的双星系统中的观测提供了非常清晰的测试，具有高信噪比。引力波可以探测非线性引力，并可以揭示小的修正，例如统一理论中出现的超长程场、大质量黑洞周围的度规与克尔解的偏差、大质量引力子、手征效应和额外维度的效应。大质量黑洞双星的强信号以及极端质量比双星的复杂信号的可用性是毫赫兹波段所独有的，这使得LISA成为广义相对论有效性的特别敏感的探测器。
英文摘要：
This is a whitepaper submitted to the 2010 Astronomy Decadal Review process, addressing the potential tests of gravity theory that could be made by observations of gravitational waves in the milliHertz frequency band by the proposed ESA-NASA gravitational wave observatory LISA. A key issue is that observations in this band of binary systems consisting of black holes offer very clean tests with high signal-to-noise ratios. Gravitational waves would probe nonlinear gravity and could reveal small corrections, such as extra long-range fields that arise in unified theories, deviations of the metric around massive black holes from the Kerr solution, massive gravitons, chiral effects, and effects of extra dimensions. The availability of strong signals from massive black hole binaries as well as complex signals from extreme mass-ratio binaries is unique to the milliHertz waveband and makes LISA a particularly sensitive probe of the validity of general relativity.
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