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arXiv 0902.4890astro-ph.CO
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星系团的宇宙时间演化

The Evolution of Galaxy Clusters Across Cosmic Time

M. Arnaud, H. Bohringer, C. Jones, B. McNamara, T. Ohashi, D. Patnaude, K. Arnaud, M. Bautz, A. Blanchard, J. Bregman, G. Chartas, J. Croston, L. David, M. Dona… 展开作者

M. Arnaud, H. Bohringer, C. Jones, B. McNamara, T. Ohashi, D. Patnaude, K. Arnaud, M. Bautz, A. Blanchard, J. Bregman, G. Chartas, J. Croston, L. David, M. Donahue, A. Fabian, A. Finoguenov, A. Furuzawa, S. Gallagher, Y. Haba, A. Hornschemeier, S. Heinz, J. Kaastra, W. Kapferer, G. Lamer, A. Mahdavi, K. Makishima, K. Matsushita, K. Nakazawa, P. Nulsen, P. Ogle, E. Perlman, T. Ponman, D. Proga, G. Pratt, S. Randall, G. Richards, K. Romer, M. Ruszkowski, R. Schmidt, R. Smith, H. Tananbaum, J. Vrtilek, D. Worrall

摘要:

宇宙的大尺度结构是由暗物质密度涨落的增长和暗能量与暗物质的动力学作用决定的。虽然近年来在宇宙学参数的限制和重建暗物质分布的大尺度结构演化方面取得了很大进展,但我们仍然缺乏对宇宙重子成分演化的理解。星系团位于宇宙网的节点,是宇宙中最大的坍缩结构,总质量可达10 $^{15}$ M $_{\sun}$。超过80%的质量以暗物质的形式存在。剩余的质量由重子组成,其中大部分(约85%)是主要以X射线辐射的扩散热等离子体。对不断变化的星系团群的X射线观测提供了一个独特的机会来解决诸如以下开放的基本问题:热扩散重子如何在暗物质势中动态演化?我们在星系际介质中观测到的过剩能量是如何产生的?重元素产生和循环的宇宙历史是什么?我们目前的知识主要来自于对相对较近的宇宙(z $<$ 0.5)中星系团的详细研究。主要的进展将来自高通量,高光谱和空间分辨率的X射线观测,测量在z $\sim$ 2出现的第一个低质量的集群的结晶性能和金属含量,并直接跟踪他们的演变成今天的大规模集群。

英文摘要:

The large scale structure of the present Universe is determined by the growth of dark matter density fluctuations and by the dynamical action of dark energy and dark matter. While much progress has been made in recent years in constraining the cosmological parameters, and in reconstructing the evolution in the large--scale structure of the dark matter distribution, we still lack an understanding of the evolution of the baryonic component of the Universe. Located at nodes of the cosmic web, clusters of galaxies are the largest collapsed structures in the Universe with total masses up to 10$^{15}$ M$_{\sun}$. Over 80% of their mass resides in the form of dark matter. The remaining mass is composed of baryons, most of which (about 85%) is a diffuse, hot plasma that radiates primarily in X-rays. X-ray observations of the evolving cluster population provide a unique opportunity to address such open and fundamental questions as: How do hot diffuse baryons dynamically evolve in dark matter potentials? How and when was the excess energy which we observe in the intergalactic medium generated? What is the cosmic history of heavy-element production and circulation? Our current knowledge comes primarily from detailed studies of clusters in the relatively nearby Universe (z$<$0.5). Major advances will come from high throughput, high spectral and spatial resolution X-ray observations that measure the thermodynamical properties and metal content of the first low mass clusters emerging at z $\sim$ 2 and directly trace their evolution into today's massive clusters.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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