We report on the first axion search results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) experiment at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. An energy threshold of 2 keV for electron-recoil events allows a search for possible solar axion conversion into photons or local Galactic axion conversion into electrons in the germanium crystal detectors. The solar axion search sets an upper limit on the Primakov coupling $g_{aγγ}$ of 2.4$ \times 10^{-9}$ GeV$^{-1}$ at the 95% confidence level for an axion mass less than 0.1 keV/c$^2$. This limit benefits from the first precise measurement of the absolute crystal plane orientations in this type of experiment. The Galactic axion search analysis sets a world-leading experimental upper limit on the axio-electric coupling $g_{a\bar{e}e}$ of 1.4$ \times 10^{-12}$ at the 90 % confidence level for an axion mass of 2.5 keV/c$^2$. This analysis excludes an interpretation of the DAMA annual modulation result in terms of Galactic axion interactions for axion masses above 1.4 keV/c$^2$.
低温暗物质搜索实验（CDMS）采用低温Ge和Si探测器通过目标核的弹性散射来探测WIMP。最后一次分析中，锗暴露量为397.8千克-天，没有观测到任何候选事件，因此，当WIMP质量为60 GeV时，与自旋无关的WIMP-核子截面的上限为6.6 x 10 ^{-44} cm ^2（如果包括之前的CDMS Soudan数据，则为4.6 x 10^{-44} cm ^2）。将讨论当前分析的表面事件抑制能力的改进，其中锗暴露比上次分析中使用的暴露大2.5倍。为了将灵敏度提高到超过1 x 10^{-44} cm ^2的基准，研制了新的1英寸厚的探测器。由六个这种探测器组成的第一个塔已成功地安装在苏丹场址。这些探测器将用于15 kg的SuperCDMS级，预期对自旋无关的WIMP-核子弹性散射截面的灵敏度为5 x 10^{-45} cm ^2。此外，CDMS协作组已经开始寻找非WIMP暗物质粒子的特征，这可能解释DAMA观测到的年度调制特征。
We report the first axion dark matter search with toroidal geometry. Exclusion limits of the axion-photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ over the axion mass range from 24.7 to 29.1 $μ$eV at the 95\% confidence level are set through this pioneering search. Prospects for axion dark matter searches with larger scale toroidal geometry are also given.
The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) employs Ge and Si detectors to search for WIMPs via their elastic-scattering interactions with nuclei while discriminating against interactions of background particles. CDMS data give limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic-scattering cross-section that exclude unexplored parameter space above 10 GeV c^{-2} WIMP mass and, at > 84% CL, the entire 3$σ$ allowed region for the WIMP signal reported by the DAMA experiment.
The CDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) uses cryogenic germanium detectors operated at a relatively high bias voltage to amplify the phonon signal in the search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). Results are presented from the second CDMSlite run with an exposure of 70 kg days, which reached an energy threshold for electron recoils as low as 56 eV. A fiducialization cut reduces backgrounds below those previously reported by CDMSlite. New parameter space for the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section is excluded for WIMP masses between 1.6 and 5.5 GeV/$c^2$.
We present the first results of a search for invisible axion dark matter using a multiple-cell cavity haloscope. This cavity concept was proposed to provide a highly efficient approach to high mass regions compared to the conventional multiple-cavity design, with larger detection volume, simpler detector setup, and unique phase-matching mechanism. Searches with a double-cell cavity superseded previous reports for the axion-photon coupling over the mass range between 13.0 and 13.9$\,μ$eV. This result not only demonstrates the novelty of the cavity concept for high-mass axion searches, but also …
We report an axion dark matter search at Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitskii sensitivity with the CAPP-12TB haloscope, assuming axions contribute 100\% of the local dark matter density. The search excluded the axion--photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ down to about $6.2\times10^{-16}$ GeV$^{-1}$ over the axion mass range between 4.51 and 4.59 $μ$eV at a 90\% confidence level. The achieved experimental sensitivity can also exclude Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov axion dark matter that makes up just 13\% of the local dark matter density. The CAPP-12TB haloscope will continue the search over a wide range …
The axion is an unusually well motivated dark matter candidate which is the Goldstone Boson associated with spontaneous breaking of the PQ symmetry of QCD. I describe an experiment to search for axions in our Galactic halo using a high Q resonant cavity coupled to ultra-low-noise receiver electronics. I discuss the analysis of the first production data and present the first results of the experiment. At 90\% confidence KSVZ axions of mass 2.9 to 3.3 micro eV are excluded as the dark matter in the halo of our Galaxy. This thesis was submitted in 1997 at MIT. It has been used as a reference in m…
利用最近在Marina del Rey举行的暗物质研讨会以及2012年和2013年的各种出版物中的信息，我们讨论了关于低质量WIMP的最新证据和限制。现在有五个独立的实验限制这样的WIMP，包括一个新的论文对氙100 225天的曝光。有非常不同的实验方法，不同的背景，包括这个限制。我们推测了低质量WIMP信号和背景的可能来源。我们提出了最近的论点，关于DAMA表明可能的DM索赔可能是误导。我们讨论了新的CDMS声称的信号，并质疑在这些事件中非常低的电离。我们还讨论了XENON 100数据的分析，使用信息理论，进一步排除CDMS的结果。
We firstly report an axion haloscope search with toroidal geometry. In this pioneering search, we exclude the axion-photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ down to about $5\times10^{-8}$ GeV$^{-1}$ over the axion mass range from 24.7 to 29.1 $μ$eV at a 95\% confidence level. The prospects for axion dark matter searches with larger scale toroidal geometry are also considered.
One of the most significant and practical figures of merit in axion haloscope searches is the scanning rate, because of the unknown axion mass. Under the best experimental parameters, the only way to improve the figure of merit is to increase the experimentally designed signal to noise ratio in the axion haloscope search analysis procedure. In this paper, we report an improved axion haloscope search analysis using the data taken by the CAPP-8TB haloscope. By correcting for the background biased by the background parametrizations in the presence of axion signals, we realized a signal to noise r…
An axion dark matter search with the CAPP-8TB haloscope is reported. Our results are sensitive to axion-photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ down to the QCD axion band over the axion mass range between 6.62 and 6.82 $μ$eV at a 90\% confidence level, which is the most sensitive result in the mass range to date.
We describe in detail the analysis procedure used to derive the first limits from the Haloscope at Yale Sensitive to Axion CDM (HAYSTAC), a microwave cavity search for cold dark matter (CDM) axions with masses above $20\ μ\text{eV}$. We have introduced several significant innovations to the axion search analysis pioneered by the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX), including optimal filtering of the individual power spectra that constitute the axion search dataset and a consistent maximum likelihood procedure for combining and rebinning these spectra. These innovations enable us to obtain the …
We propose a novel way to search for axion(-like) particles in heavy-ion collisions using prompt photons as the probe and the property of conversion between photon and axion(-like) particles under a strong magnetic field generated in the non-central collisions. The expected result reveals that a new phase space region of the coupling constant for photon and axion(-like) particles can be covered in the future high energy nuclear colliders.
The presence of dark matter provides some of the most tangible evidence for the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model. One compelling dark matter candidate is the axion, a light boson that was originally postulated as a solution to another outstanding issue, the strong CP problem in QCD. ABRACADABRA is an experimental program to search for sub-$μ$eV axion and axion-like dark matter. It searches for axion-induced modifications to Maxwell's equations with a toroidal magnet and SQUID magnetometer. This contribution will present the first results from the prototype detector, ABRACADABRA-1…
CAPP-8TB is an axion dark matter search experiment dedicated to an axion mass search near 6.7 $μ$eV. The experiment uses a microwave resonant cavity under a strong magnetic field of 8 T produced by a superconducting solenoid magnet in a dilution refrigerator. We describe the experimental configuration used to search for a mass range of 6.62 to 6.82 $μ$eV in the first phase of the experiment. We also discuss the next phase of the experiment and its prospects.
One of the most promising methods to search for axions is a light-shining-through-walls (LSW) experiment. In this work, we discuss the possibility of performing an LSW experiment at the ILC experiment, where photon beams are generated for positron production. The photon beam is energetic and intense; the energy is of order MeV and the number of photons is about $10^{24}$ per year. Due to the high energy and intensity, this LSW experiment can reveal the parameter region of the axion unexplored by previous ground-based experiments.
We propose a fixed-target experiment to search for Axion-like particles (ALPs) coupling to photons, which utilizes electron and positron beams available at KEK Linac. The sensitivity to ALP is evaluated for two shielding setups in conjunction with other beam dump experiments, fixed-target experiments, and $e^+e^-$ collider experiments. This study shows that the two setups can explore the gap between the search region excluded by the beam dump experiments and the $e^+e^-$ collider experiments.
We report the results of an axion dark matter search over an axion mass range of 9.39-9.51 $μ$eV. A flux-driven Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) was added to the cryogenic receiver chain. A system noise temperature of as low as 200 mK was achieved, which is the lowest recorded noise among published axion cavity experiments with phase-insensitive JPA operation. In addition, we developed a two-stage scanning method which boosted the scan speed by 26%. As a result, a range of two-photon coupling in a plausible model for the QCD axion was excluded with an order of magnitude higher in sensitivi…
The axion is a hypothetical particle proposed to solve the strong $CP$ problem, and also a candidate for dark matter. This non-relativistic particle in the galactic halo can be converted into a photon under a strong magnetic field and detected with a microwave resonant cavity. Relying on this detection method, many experiments have excluded some mass regions with certain sensitivities in terms of axion-photon coupling ($g_{aγγ}$) for decades, but no axion dark matter has been discovered to date. CAPP-8TB is an axion haloscope experiment at IBS/CAPP designed to search for the axion in a mass ra…
The axion is a promising dark matter candidate, which was originally proposed to solve the strong-CP problem in particle physics. To date, the available parameter space for axion and axion-like particle dark matter is relatively unexplored, particularly at masses $m_a\lesssim1\,μ$eV. ABRACADABRA is a new experimental program to search for axion dark matter over a broad range of masses, $10^{-12}\lesssim m_a\lesssim10^{-6}$ eV. ABRACADABRA-10 cm is a small-scale prototype for a future detector that could be sensitive to the QCD axion. In this Letter, we present the first results from a 1 month …
In dark matter axion searches, quantum uncertainty manifests as a fundamental noise source, limiting the measurement of the quadrature observables used for detection. We use vacuum squeezing to circumvent the quantum limit in a search for a new particle. By preparing a microwave-frequency electromagnetic field in a squeezed state and near-noiselessly reading out only the squeezed quadrature, we double the search rate for axions over a mass range favored by recent theoretical projections. We observe no signature of dark matter axions in the combined $16.96-17.12$ and $17.14-17.28\spaceμ\text{eV…
This Letter reports results from a haloscope search for dark matter axions with masses between 2.66 and 2.81 $μ$eV. The search excludes the range of axion-photon couplings predicted by plausible models of the invisible axion. This unprecedented sensitivity is achieved by operating a large-volume haloscope at sub-kelvin temperatures, thereby reducing thermal noise as well as the excess noise from the ultra-low-noise SQUID amplifier used for the signal power readout. Ongoing searches will provide nearly definitive tests of the invisible axion model over a wide range of axion masses.
This paper reports on a cavity haloscope search for dark matter axions in the galactic halo in the mass range $2.81$-$3.31$ $μeV$. This search excludes the full range of axion-photon coupling values predicted in benchmark models of the invisible axion that solve the strong CP problem of quantum chromodynamics, and marks the first time a haloscope search has been able to search for axions at mode crossings using an alternate cavity configuration. Unprecedented sensitivity in this higher mass range is achieved by deploying an ultra low-noise Josephson parametric amplifier as the first stage sign…
We propose using the storage ring EDM method to search for the axion dark matter induced EDM oscillation in nucleons. The method uses a combination of B and E-fields to produce a resonance between the $g-2$ spin precession frequency and the background axion field oscillation to greatly enhance sensitivity to it. An axion frequency range from $10^{-9}$ Hz to 100 MHz can in principle be scanned with high sensitivity, corresponding to an $f_a$ range of $10^{13} $ GeV $\leq f_a \leq 10^{30}$ GeV, the breakdown scale of the global symmetry generating the axion or axion like particles (ALPs).
The sensitivity of experimental searches for axion dark matter coupled to photons is typically proportional to the strength of the applied static magnetic field. We demonstrate how a permeable material can be used to enhance the magnitude of this static magnetic field, and therefore improve the sensitivity of such searches in the low frequency lumped-circuit limit. Using gadolinium iron garnet toroids at temperature 4.2 K results in a factor of 4 enhancement compared to an air-core toroidal design. The enhancement is limited by magnetic saturation. Correlation of signals from three such toroid…
Four decades after its prediction, the axion remains the most compelling solution to the Strong-CP problem and a well-motivated dark matter candidate, inspiring a host of elegant and ultrasensitive experiments based on axion-photon mixing. This report reviews the experimental situation on several fronts. The microwave cavity experiment is making excellent progress in the search for dark matter axions in the microelectronvolt range and may be plausibly extended up to 100 mu eV. Within the past several years however, it has been realized that axions are pervasive throughout string theories, but …
An appealing candidate of the galactic dark matter is the axion, which was postulated to solve the strong CP (Charge-conjugation Parity) violation problem in the standard particle theory. A new experimental method is proposed to determine the axion mass. The method uses collectively and coherently excited atoms or molecules, the trigger laser inducing galactic axion absorption along with signal photon emission to be detected.
Nuclear transitions are one possible source of axions but past searches were restricted to specifc transitions. In this manuscript, we propose to extend the search for axions and axion-like particles to more a complex environment that would result in a number of correlated observables. By including creation mechanisms that have their origin in the Carbon-Nitrogen-Oxygen (CNO) cycle, we show that the search for solar axions should not only be restricted to the keV-mass region. We discuss limitations, such as the lifetime and the mass, that create a challenge for an Earth-bound experiments. We s…
A major fraction of the mass content of the universe is composed of dark matter (DM), i.e. particles not interacting significantly with electromagnetic radiation, with ordinary matter or self-interacting (cold dark matter). The axion is originally proposed to solve the strong CP problem of quantum chromodynamics, but now emerges as an excellent cold DM candidate. The physics case of these particles has been considerably developed in recent years, and there are now useful guidelines and powerful motivations to attempt experimental detection. Admittedly, the lack of a positive signal of new phys…
