S. Lee, S. Ahn, J. Choi, B. R. Ko, Y. K. Semertzidis
An axion dark matter search with the CAPP-8TB haloscope is reported. Our results are sensitive to axion-photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ down to the QCD axion band over the axion mass range between 6.62 and 6.82 $μ$eV at a 90\% confidence level, which is the most sensitive result in the mass range to date.
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Dark matter axions may cause transitions between atomic states that differ in energy by an amount equal to the axion mass. Such energy differences are conveniently tuned using the Zeeman effect. It is proposed to search for dark matter axions by cooling a kilogram-sized sample to milliKelvin temperatures and count axion induced transitions using laser techniques. This appears an appropriate approach to axion dark matter detection in the $10^{-4}$ eV mass range.
We propose a new scenario of using the dark axion portal at one-loop level to explain the recently observed muon anomalous magnetic moment by the Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment. Both axion/axion-like particle (ALP) and dark photon are involved in the same vertex with photon. Although ALP or dark photon alone cannot explain muon $g-2$, since the former provides only negative contribution while the latter has very much constrained parameter space, dark axion portal can save the situation and significantly extend the allowed parameter space. The observed muon anomalous magnetic moment provides a ro…
We propose an approach to search for axion dark matter with a specially designed superconducting radio frequency cavity, targeting axions with masses $m_a \lesssim 10^{-6} \text{ eV}$. Our approach exploits axion-induced transitions between nearly degenerate resonant modes of frequency $\sim$ GHz. A scan over axion mass is achieved by varying the frequency splitting between the two modes. Compared to traditional approaches, this allows for parametrically enhanced signal power for axions lighter than a GHz. The projected sensitivity covers unexplored parameter space for QCD axion dark matter fo…
The presence of dark matter provides some of the most tangible evidence for the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model. One compelling dark matter candidate is the axion, a light boson that was originally postulated as a solution to another outstanding issue, the strong CP problem in QCD. ABRACADABRA is an experimental program to search for sub-$μ$eV axion and axion-like dark matter. It searches for axion-induced modifications to Maxwell's equations with a toroidal magnet and SQUID magnetometer. This contribution will present the first results from the prototype detector, ABRACADABRA-1…
We report on a search for ultra-low-mass axion-like dark matter by analysing the ratio of the spin-precession frequencies of stored ultracold neutrons and $^{199}$Hg atoms for an axion-induced oscillating electric dipole moment of the neutron and an axion-wind spin-precession effect. No signal consistent with dark matter is observed for the axion mass range $10^{-24}~\textrm{eV} \le m_a \le 10^{-17}~\textrm{eV}$. Our null result sets the first laboratory constraints on the coupling of axion dark matter to gluons, which improve on astrophysical limits by up to 3 orders of magnitude, and also im…
Experiments to test the hypothesis for solar and dark matter axions
本文教学性地介绍暗物质轴子与太阳轴子的直接搜寻实验，基于轴子-双光子耦合，并展望近期潜在变革性进展。
Searching for the QCD Dark Matter Axion
本文回顾QCD轴子（冷暗物质候选者）的天体物理搜索、理论进展及历史，介绍其搜索现状、未来前景及正在开发的探测技术。
Electromagnetic radiation with angular frequency equal to half the axion mass stimulates the decay of cold dark matter axions and produces an echo, i.e. faint electromagnetic radiation traveling in the opposite direction. We propose to search for axion dark matter by sending out to space a powerful beam of microwave radiation and listening for its echo. We estimate the sensitivity of this technique in the isothermal and caustic ring models of the Milky Way halo, and find it to be a promising approach to axion, or axion-like, dark matter detection.
We propose a new broadband search strategy for ultralight axion dark matter that interacts with electromagnetism. An oscillating axion field induces transitions between two quasi-degenerate resonant modes of a superconducting cavity. In two broadband runs optimized for high and low masses, this setup can probe unexplored parameter space for axion-like particles covering fifteen orders of magnitude in mass, including astrophysically long-ranged fuzzy dark matter.
The axion is arguably one of the best motivated candidates for dark matter. For a decay constant greater than about 10^9 GeV, axions are dominantly produced non-thermally in the early universe and hence are "cold", their velocity dispersion being small enough to fit to large scale structure. Moreover, such a large decay constant ensures the stability at cosmological time scales and its behaviour as a collisionless fluid at cosmological length scales. Here, we review the state of the art of axion dark matter predictions and of experimental efforts to search for axion dark matter in laboratory e…
Theoretical arguments predict that the distribution of cold dark matter in spiral galaxies has peaks in velocity space associated with non-thermalized flows of dark matter particles. We searched for the corresponding peaks in the spectrum of microwave photons from axion to photon conversion in the cavity detector of dark matter axions. We found none and place limits on the density of any local flow of axions as a function of the flow velocity dispersion over the axion mass range 1.98 to 2.17 $μ$eV.
The existence of dark matter provides strong evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model. Extending the Standard Model with the Peccei-Quinn symmetry and/or supersymmetry, compelling dark matter candidates appear. For the axion, the neutralino, the gravitino, and the axino, I review primordial production mechanisms, cosmological and astrophysical constraints, experimental searches, and prospects for experimental identification.
We report the first axion dark matter search with toroidal geometry. Exclusion limits of the axion-photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ over the axion mass range from 24.7 to 29.1 $μ$eV at the 95\% confidence level are set through this pioneering search. Prospects for axion dark matter searches with larger scale toroidal geometry are also given.
A number of proposed and ongoing experiments search for axion dark matter with a mass nearing the limit set by small scale structure (${\cal O} ( 10 ^{ - 21 } {\rm eV} ) $). We consider the late universe cosmology of these models, showing that requiring the axion to have a matter-power spectrum that matches that of cold dark matter constrains the magnitude of the axion couplings to the visible sector. Comparing these limits to current and future experimental efforts, we find that many searches require axions with an abnormally large coupling to Standard Model fields, independently of how the a…
We propose using the storage ring EDM method to search for the axion dark matter induced EDM oscillation in nucleons. The method uses a combination of B and E-fields to produce a resonance between the $g-2$ spin precession frequency and the background axion field oscillation to greatly enhance sensitivity to it. An axion frequency range from $10^{-9}$ Hz to 100 MHz can in principle be scanned with high sensitivity, corresponding to an $f_a$ range of $10^{13} $ GeV $\leq f_a \leq 10^{30}$ GeV, the breakdown scale of the global symmetry generating the axion or axion like particles (ALPs).
Limits on Dark Photons, Scalars, and Axion-Electromagnetodynamics with The ORGAN Experiment
该研究利用 ORGAN 1a 轴子晕镜扫描结果，推导其对暗光子、标量场/伸缩子及奇异轴子–电磁耦合的排除限制，并预测未来阶段灵敏度。
Broadband Dark Matter Axion Detection using a Cylindrical Capacitor
针对暗物质轴子质量不确定性大的问题，提出利用圆柱形电容器将轴子转化为振荡磁场的探测方案，结合超导环-线圈系统提升灵敏度，可实现宽质量范围的轴子搜寻。
It is shown that dark matter axions cause an oscillating electric current to flow along magnetic field lines. The oscillating current induced in a strong magnetic field $\vec{B}_0$ produces a small magnetic field $\vec{B}_a$. We propose to amplify and detect $\vec{B}_a$ using a cooled LC circuit and a very sensitive magnetometer. This appears to be a suitable approach to searching for axion dark matter in the $10^{-7}$ to $10^{-9}$ eV mass range.
Discrete symmetries allowed in string compactification are the mother of all global symmetries which are broken at some level. We discuss the resulting pseudo-Goldstone bosons, in particular the QCD axion and a temporary cosmological constant, and inflatons. We also comment on some implications of the recent BICEP2 data.
Signatures from Non-classical Features of Axion Dark Matter in Cavity Haloscopes
该研究探讨轴子暗物质的非经典特征在腔式探测器中的印记，给出压缩态、对纠缠暗物质态的示例信号，并分析其提升实验搜索灵敏度的潜力。
Cornering MeV-GeV Axions and Dark Photons with LDMX
LDMX通过清洁环境和近靶跟踪能力，能够探测MeV-GeV范围的轴子和暗光子，填补低质量盲区。
The axion has emerged in recent years as a leading particle candidate to provide the mysterious dark matter in the cosmos, as we review here for a general scientific audience. We describe first the historical roots of the axion in the Standard Model of particle physics and the problem of charge-parity invariance of the strong nuclear force. We then discuss how the axion emerges as a dark matter candidate, and how it is produced in the early Universe. The symmetry properties of the axion dictate the form of its interactions with ordinary matter. Astrophysical considerations restrict the particl…
First searches for axion and dark photon dark matter with MADMAX
MADMAX实验利用介电盘增强器在强磁场中探测轴子暗物质，已通过原型验证概念并开展首次搜索，旨在扫描100微电子伏特QCD轴子质量范围。
A forecast of the sensitivity of the DALI Experiment to Galactic axion dark matter
本研究通过蒙特卡洛模拟，估算了新一代法布里-珀罗暗物质晕望远镜DALI对25-250 μeV能段银河系轴子暗物质的探测灵敏度，轴子或可同时解决强相互作用电荷-宇称对称问题与暗物质谜题。
We comment on arXiv:1901.10843, pointing out that its constraint on ultra-low-mass axions is incompatible with the duration of the data set described. We describe a simple way to analyze such data that gives the correct scaling.
We report an axion dark matter search at Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitskii sensitivity with the CAPP-12TB haloscope, assuming axions contribute 100\% of the local dark matter density. The search excluded the axion--photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ down to about $6.2\times10^{-16}$ GeV$^{-1}$ over the axion mass range between 4.51 and 4.59 $μ$eV at a 90\% confidence level. The achieved experimental sensitivity can also exclude Kim-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov axion dark matter that makes up just 13\% of the local dark matter density. The CAPP-12TB haloscope will continue the search over a wide range …
Antiferromagnetically doped topological insulators (A-TI) are among the candidates to host dynamical axion fields and axion-polaritons; weakly interacting quasiparticles that are analogous to the dark axion, a long sought after candidate dark matter particle. Here we demonstrate that using the axion quasiparticle antiferromagnetic resonance in A-TI's in conjunction with low-noise methods of detecting THz photons presents a viable route to detect axion dark matter with mass 0.7 to 3.5 meV, a range currently inaccessible to other dark matter detection experiments and proposals. The benefits of t…
Intrinsically Quantum Effects of Axion Dark Matter are Undetectable
本文证明轴子暗物质即使处于无经典描述的量子态，其内禀量子效应也会被模式平均、噪声和微弱耦合抑制，现实探测器无法区分，故经典处理可靠，并推广至其他超轻暗物质候选者。
This Letter reports results from a haloscope search for dark matter axions with masses between 2.66 and 2.81 $μ$eV. The search excludes the range of axion-photon couplings predicted by plausible models of the invisible axion. This unprecedented sensitivity is achieved by operating a large-volume haloscope at sub-kelvin temperatures, thereby reducing thermal noise as well as the excess noise from the ultra-low-noise SQUID amplifier used for the signal power readout. Ongoing searches will provide nearly definitive tests of the invisible axion model over a wide range of axion masses.
We firstly report an axion haloscope search with toroidal geometry. In this pioneering search, we exclude the axion-photon coupling $g_{aγγ}$ down to about $5\times10^{-8}$ GeV$^{-1}$ over the axion mass range from 24.7 to 29.1 $μ$eV at a 95\% confidence level. The prospects for axion dark matter searches with larger scale toroidal geometry are also considered.
Momentum and Matter Matter for Axion Dark Matter Matters on Earth
研究地球物质效应对轴子暗物质探测的影响，指出轴子暗物质的有限动量对地球对轴子场值和梯度的影响至关重要，轻轴子耦合实验可能因场值降低而灵敏度下降，但径向梯度增强对探测有重要意义。
The Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research (CAPP) was founded in 2013, with the ambition of shedding light on the strong CP problem and the proposed existence of axions. Much of CAPP's effort focuses on the direct detection of dark matter candidate axions with a series of local haloscope experiments, which endeavour to expand dramatically the coverage on the "invisible axion" mass range. The first two of them plan experimental runs during this year, tapping into ultra-low cryogenics and toroidal cavity geometries. The overall programme builds on cutting-edge technology, including deve…
First results from the Axion Dark-Matter Birefringent Cavity (ADBC) experiment
ADBC实验是首个可调谐且量子噪声受限的光学轴子探测器，探测了三个轴子质量范围，未发现暗物质信号，并将ALP-光子耦合限制在$g_{aγγ} \leq 1.9\times 10^{-8}$ GeV⁻¹。
Microwave Technologies in Experiments for Detection of Dark Matter Axions
本文综述了暗物质轴子探测实验中谐振腔微波技术，涵盖实验概念、谐振器设计优化、频率调谐系统及微波工程的未来研究方向。
Nearly all astrophysical and cosmological data point convincingly to a large component of cold dark matter in the Universe. The axion particle, first theorized as a solution to the strong charge-parity problem of quantum chromodynamics, has been established as a prominent CDM candidate. Cosmic observation and particle physics experiments have bracketed the unknown mass of the axion between approximately a $μ$eV and a meV. The Axion Dark Matter eXperiement (ADMX) has successfully completed searches between 1.9 and 3.7 $μ$eV down to the KSVZ photon-coupling limit. ADMX and the Axion Dark Matter …
Axion dark matter searches from the standard halo over the tidal stream to the big flow
本研究提出采用单个高分辨率起始的DAQ通道实现覆盖标准晕、潮汐流和大流的轴子暗物质探测，不牺牲采集效率，还可通过滤波避免低分辨率探测的信噪比下降，提升数据复用性与探测灵敏度。
The axion is an intriguing dark matter candidate emerging from the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem. Current experimental searches for axion dark matter focus on the axion mass range below 40 $μ$eV. However, if the Peccei-Quinn symmetry is restored after inflation the observed dark matter density points to an axion mass around 100 $μ$eV. A new project based on axion-photon conversion at the transition between different dielectric media is presented. By using $\sim 80$ dielectric discs, the emitted power could be enhanced by a factor of $\sim 10^5$ over that from a single mirror (…
We show that at higher frequencies, and thus higher axion masses, single-photon detectors become competitive and ultimately favored, when compared to quantum-limited linear amplifiers, as the detector technology in microwave cavity experimental searches for galactic halo dark matter axions. The cross-over point in this comparison is of order 10 GHz ($\sim 40\ μ$eV), not far above the frequencies of current searches.
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