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arXiv 0902.4210cond-mat.str-el
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两条腿三角带上自旋1/2模型中的自旋玻色-金属相

Spin Bose-Metal phase in a spin-1/2 model with ring exchange on a two-leg triangular strip

D. N. Sheng, Olexei I. Motrunich, Matthew P. A. Fisher

摘要:

最近对三角形晶格有机莫特绝缘体的实验发现了接近金属-绝缘体转变的二维自旋液体的证据。Gutzwiller波函数研究了三角格子海森堡模型与适当的四自旋环交换发现,投影自旋费米海状态有一个低的变分能量。这个波函数,连同一个从属粒子规范理论,表明这种自旋液体具有自旋相关性,沿着动量空间中的表面(“玻色表面”)是奇异的。这种状态的特征,我们称之为“自旋玻色金属”(SBM),预计将在准一维梯形系统中表现出来:离散的横向动量穿过二维玻色表面,导致一维无隙模式的独特模式。在这里,我们寻找一个准一维后代的三角晶格SBM状态探索海森堡加环模型的两条腿条(锯齿形链)。使用DMRG,变分波函数和玻色化分析,我们绘制出完整的相图。在没有环交换的情况下,该模型等价于J_1 - J_2海森堡链,并且我们发现了预期的Bethe-chain相和二聚化相。值得注意的是,适度的环交换揭示了一个新的无隙相超过了相图的一大片。自旋和二聚体的相关性具有特定的奇异波矢,并允许我们确定这一阶段的准一维后裔SBM状态的希望。我们推导出一个低能量的理论,并找到三个无隙模式和一个Luttinger参数控制所有的幂律。潜在的不稳定性的曲折SBM引起其他有趣的阶段,如周期-3 VBS或周期-4手征顺序,我们发现在DMRG,我们还发现了一个有趣的SBM状态与部分铁磁性。

英文摘要:

Recent experiments on triangular lattice organic Mott insulators have found evidence for a 2D spin liquid in proximity to the metal-insulator transition. A Gutzwiller wavefunction study of the triangular lattice Heisenberg model with appropriate four-spin ring exchanges has found that the projected spinon Fermi sea state has a low variational energy. This wavefunction, together with a slave particle gauge theory, suggests that such spin liquid possesses spin correlations that are singular along surfaces in momentum space ("Bose surfaces"). Signatures of this state, which we refer to as a "Spin Bose-Metal" (SBM), are expected to be manifest in quasi-1D ladder systems: The discrete transverse momenta cut through the 2D Bose surface leading to a distinct pattern of 1D gapless modes. Here we search for a quasi-1D descendant of the triangular lattice SBM state by exploring the Heisenberg plus ring model on a two-leg strip (zigzag chain). Using DMRG, variational wavefunctions, and a Bosonization analysis, we map out the full phase diagram. Without ring exchange the model is equivalent to the J_1 - J_2 Heisenberg chain, and we find the expected Bethe-chain and dimerized phases. Remarkably, moderate ring exchange reveals a new gapless phase over a large swath of the phase diagram. Spin and dimer correlations possess particular singular wavevectors and allow us to identify this phase as the hoped for quasi-1D descendant SBM state. We derive a low energy theory and find three gapless modes and one Luttinger parameter controlling all power laws. Potential instabilities out of the zigzag SBM give rise to other interesting phases such as a period-3 VBS or a period-4 Chirality order, which we discover in the DMRG; we also find an interesting SBM state with partial ferromagnetism.

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