运动体统计热力学
Statistical Thermodynamics of Moving Bodies
摘要：
我们解决了长期存在的问题的温度依赖性的均匀运动的机构通过量子统计处理中心的热力学第零定律。我们处理的关键是由Kossakowski等人建立的结果，即宏观物体在第零定律的意义下表现为具有明确定义的温度的热储层，当且仅当其状态满足Kubo-Martin-Schwinger（KMS）条件。为了将这一结果与运动物体的相对论热力学联系起来，我们利用Tomita-Takesaki模理论证明了一个状态对于两个相对速度不为零的不同惯性系不能满足KMS条件。这意味着源自第零定律的温度概念仅限于静止坐标系中的物体状态，因此在洛伦兹助推下不存在温度变换定律。对非相对论性伽利略系统也建立了相应的结果。
英文摘要：
We resolve the long standing question of temperature dependence of uniformly moving bodies by means of a quantum statistical treatment centred on the zeroth law of thermodynamics. The key to our treatment is the result, established by Kossakowski et al, that a macroscopic body behaves as a thermal reservoir with well-defined temperature, in the sense of the zeroth law, if and only if its state satisfies the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger (KMS) condition. In order to relate this result to the relativistic thermodynamics of moving bodies, we employ the Tomita-Takesaki modular theory to prove that a state cannot satisfy the KMS conditions with respect to two different inertial frames whose relative velocity is non-zero. This implies that the concept of temperature stemming from the zeroth law is restricted to states of bodies in their rest frames and thus that there is no law of temperature transformations under Lorentz boosts. The corresponding results for nonrelativistic Galilean systems have also been established.
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