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arXiv 0902.2633nlin.CGnlin.PS
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交通流的超离散最优速度模型--一个元胞自动机模型和大流量交通的线性不稳定性

Ultra-discrete Optimal Velocity Model: a Cellular-Automaton Model for Traffic Flow and Linear Instability of High-Flux Traffic

Masahiro Kanai, Shin Isojima, Katsuhiro Nishinari, Tetsuji Tokihiro

摘要:

本文将最优速度模型的超离散化方法应用于交通流的元胞自动机模型,提出了超离散最优速度模型。由微分方程定义的最优速度模型是最重要的模型之一;特别是,它成功地再现了高流量交通的不稳定性。常有人指出,最佳速度模型与孤子方程mKdV方程有密切的关系。同时,超离散方法使人们能够减少孤子方程的元胞自动机继承了孤子的性质,如无限数量的守恒定律,孤子解。我们发现孤立子方程理论适用于一般的微分方程,模拟结果表明,所得到的模型既能再现绝对不稳定流动,又能再现对流不稳定流动,而且还能再现最优速度模型。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we propose the ultra-discrete optimal velocity model, a cellular-automaton model for traffic flow, by applying the ultra-discrete method for the optimal velocity model. The optimal velocity model, defined by a differential equation, is one of the most important models; in particular, it successfully reproduces the instability of high-flux traffic. It is often pointed out that there is a close relation between the optimal velocity model and the mKdV equation, a soliton equation. Meanwhile, the ultra-discrete method enables one to reduce soliton equations to cellular automata which inherit the solitonic nature, such as an infinite number of conservation laws, and soliton solutions. We find that the theory of soliton equations is available for generic differential equations, and the simulation results reveal that the model obtained reproduces both absolutely unstable and convectively unstable flows as well as the optimal velocity model.

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