Momentum space three-body Faddeev-like equations are used to calculate elastic, transfer and charge exchange reactions resulting from the scattering of deuterons on 12C and 16O or protons on 13C and 17O; 12C and 16O are treated as inert cores. All possible reactions are calculated in the framework of the same model space. Comparison with previous calculations based on approximate methods used in nuclear reaction theory is discussed.
In this paper, I prove that the sub-Coulomb $A(d,p)B$ reaction amplitude, which is a solution of the three-body Faddeev equations in the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (AGS) form, is peripheral if a peripheral is the corresponding DWBA amplitude. Hence the Faddeev's reaction amplitude for the sub-Coulomb $A(d,p)B$ reactions can also be parametrized in terms of the ANC of the $(n\,A)$ bound state. First, I consider the original AGS equations with separable potentials and prove that such equations are peripheral at sub-Coulomb energies. After that, the two-particle AGS equations are derived for the gen…
The Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equations for the five-body eta-4N problem are solved for the case of the driving eta N and NN potentials limited to s-waves. The quasi-particle (Schmidt) method is employed to convert the equations into the effective two-body form. Numerical results are presented for the eta-4He scattering length.
The $dd\to ^3He n$ reaction is considered at the energies between 200 MeV and 520 MeV. The Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equations are iterated up to the lowest order terms over the nucleon-nucleon t-matrix. The parameterized ${^3He}$ wave function including five components is used. The angular dependence of the differential cross section and energy dependence of tensor analyzing power $T_{20}$ at the zero scattering angle are presented in comparison with the experimental data.
Photoproduction of $η$-mesons off deuteron is studied within the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas formalism for different parameters of $ηN$ interaction. The calculations revealed peaks in the energy dependence of the total cross-section.
We derive the dynamical equations which consistently couple the four--body ($π$NNN) system to the underlying three--nucleon system. Our treatment can be considered the proper generalization of the Afnan--Blankleider equations for the coupled NN--$π$NN system. The resulting connected--kernel equation resembles in structure the Yakubovskii--Grassberger--Sandhas equation for the standard four--body problem, but involves 24 chain--labelled components (rather than the usual 18 ones) and allows for a consistent evaluation of reaction amplitudes involving $π$ absorption/production.
The two-fragment electrodisintegration of 4He into proton and triton is calculated in Plane Wave Impulse Approximation (PWIA). The three- and four-nucleon wave functions involved are obtained by solving the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (AGS) integral equations, with the Malfliet-Tjon potential as the underlying NN-interaction. Our results are in remarkable agreement with the experimental data and, in contrast to alternative approaches, do not exhibit any dip in the five-fold differential cross section at a missing momentum of ~ 450 MeV/c.
The Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas N-body theory is used to study interaction of eta-mesons with d, 3He, and 4He. Separable expansion of the subamplitudes is adopted to convert the integral equations into the quasi-two-body form. The resulting formalism is applied to fit the existing data for low-energy eta production on few-nucleon targets. On the basis of this fitting procedure the scattering lengths a_{eta d}, a_{eta 3He}, a_{eta 4He} as well as the subthreshold behaviour of the elementary eta-N scattering amplitude are obtained.
A comparison between full few-body Faddeev/Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (Faddeev/AGS) and continuum-discretized coupled channels (CDCC) calculations is made for the resonant and nonresonant breakup of $^{11}$Be on proton target at 63.7 MeV/u incident energy. A simplified two-body model is used for $^{11}$Be which involves an inert $^{10}$Be(0$^+$) core and a valence neutron. The sensitivity of the calculated observables to the nucleon-nucleon potential dynamical input is analysed. We show that with the present NN and N-core dynamics the results remain a puzzle for the few-body problem of scattering…
The four-body equations of Alt, Grassberger and Sandhas are solved for the neutron-${}^3$H scattering at energies above the four-nucleon breakup threshold. The accuracy and practical applicability of the employed complex energy method is significantly improved by the use of integration with the special weights. This allows to obtain fully converged results with realistic nuclear interactions. A satisfactory description of the existing neutron-${}^3$H elastic scattering data is obtained.
We investigate deuteron formation in nuclear matter at finite temperatures within a systematic quantum statistical approach. We consider formation through three-body collisions relevant already at rather moderate densities because of the strong correlations. The three-body in-medium reaction rates driven by the break-up cross section are calculated using exact three-body equations (Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas type) that have been suitably modified to consistently include the energy shift and the Pauli blocking. Important quantities are the lifetime of deuteron fluctuations and the chemical relaxat…
Among the light nuclear clusters the alpha-particle is by far the strongest bound system and therefore expected to play a significant role in the dynamics of nuclei and the phases of nuclear matter. To systematically study the properties of the alpha-particle we have derived an effective four-body equation of the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (AGS) type that includes the dominant medium effects, i.e. self energy corrections and Pauli-blocking in a consistent way. The equation is solved utilizing the energy dependent pole expansion for the sub system amplitudes. We find that the Mott transition of an…
Three-body calculations of $K\bar{K}N$ system with quantum numbers $I=1/2$, $J^π=(\frac{1}{2})^{+}$ were performed. Using separable potentials for two-body interactions, we calculated the $πΣ$ mass spectra for the $(\bar{K}N)_{I=0}+K^{+}\rightarrow(πΣ)^{0}K^{+}$ reaction on the basis of three-body Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equations in the momentum representation. In this regard, different types of $\bar{K}N-πΣ$ potentials based on phenomenological and chiral SU(3) approach are used. The possibility to observe the trace of $Λ(1405)$ resonance in $(πΣ)^{0}$ mass spectra was studied. Using the $χ^…
The four-body equations of Alt, Grassberger and Sandhas are solved for $\nH$ scattering at energies below three-body breakup threshold using various realistic interactions including one derived from chiral perturbation theory. After partial wave decomposition the equations are three-variable integral equations that are solved numerically without any approximations beyond the usual discretization of continuum variables on a finite momentum mesh. Large number of two-, three- and four-nucleon partial waves are considered until the convergence of the observables is obtained. The total $\nH$ cross …
The charge-exchange reaction pd -> npp at 1 GeV projectile proton energy is studied. This reaction is considered in a special kinematics, when the transfer momentum from the beam proton to fast outgoing neutron is close to zero. Our approach is based on the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas formulation of the multiple-scattering theory for the three-nucleon system. The matrix inversion method has been applied to take account of the final state interaction (FSI) contributions. The differential cross section, tensor analyzing power $C_{0,yy}$, vector-vector $C_{y,y}$ and vector-tensor $C_{y,xz}$ spin corr…
We examine how the signature of the strange-dibaryon resonances in the barKNN-piSigmaN system shows up in the scattering amplitude on the physical real energy axis within the framework of Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (AGS) equations. The so-called point method is applied to handle the three-body unitarity cut in the amplitudes. We also discuss the possibility that the strange-dibaryon production reactions can be used for discriminating between existing models of the two-body barKN-piSigma system with Lambda(1405).
Two independent calculations of proton-deuteron elastic scattering observables including Coulomb repulsion between the two protons are compared in the proton lab energy region between 3 MeV and 65 MeV. The hadron dynamics is based on the purely nucleonic charge-dependent AV18 potential. Calculations are done both in coordinate space and momentum space. The coordinate-space calculations are based on a variational solution of the three-body Schrödinger equation using a correlated hyperspherical expansion for the wave function. The momentum-space calculations proceed via the solution of the Alt-G…
It is found that the coupled piNNN-NNN system breaks into fragments in a nontrivial way. Assuming the particles as distinguishable, there are indeed four modes of fragmentation into two clusters, while in the standard three-body problem there are three possible two-cluster partitions and conversely the four-body problem has seven different possibilities. It is shown how to formulate the pion-three-nucleon collision problem through the integral-equation approach by taking into account the proper fragmentation of the system. The final result does not depend on the assumption of separability of t…
Exact four-body equations of Alt, Grassberger and Sandhas are solved for neutron-${}^3\mathrm{He}$ and proton-${}^3\mathrm{H}$ scattering in the energy regime above the four-nucleon breakup threshold. Cross sections and spin observables for elastic, transfer, charge-exchange, and breakup reactions are calculated using realistic nucleon-nucleon interaction models, including the one with effective many-nucleon forces due to explicit $Δ$-isobar excitation. The experimental data are described reasonably well with only few exceptions such as vector analyzing powers.
Using separable $\bar{K}N-πΣ$ potentials in the Faddeev equations, we calculated the binding energies and widths of the $K^{-}pp$, $K^{-}ppn$ and $K^{-}ppp$ quasi-bound states on the basis of three- and four-body Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equations in the momentum representation. One- and two-pole version of $\bar{K}N-πΣ$ interaction are considered and the dependence of the resulting few-body energy on the two-body $\bar{K}N-πΣ$ potential was investigated. The $s$-wave [3+1] and [2+2] sub-amplitudes are obtained by using the Hilbert-Schmidt expansion procedure for the integral kernels. As a resu…
We examine how the signature of the strange dibaryon resonances shows up in scattering amplitudes and observables of the three-body $\bar{K}NN$-$πY N (Y=Σ, Λ)$ system on the physical real energy axis. The so-called point method is applied to handle logarithmic singularities that appear in solving the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equations for the real scattering energies. By taking two different kinds of models for the two-body $\bar{K}N$-$πΣ$ subsystem, both of which reproduce the available data equally well but give quite a different resonance-pole structure for $Λ(1405)$, we also investigate whe…
We study knockout reactions with proton probes within a theoretical framework where {\it ab initio} Quantum Monte Carlo wave functions are combined with the Faddeev/Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas few-body reaction formalism. New Quantum Monte Carlo wave functions are used to describe $^{12}$C, yielding, for the first time, results consistent with the experimental point rms radii, electron scattering data and (p,2p) total cross sections data. Our results for $\mathrm{A}\leq 12$ and $(N-Z) \leq 3$ nuclei show that the theoretical ratios between the (i) {\it ab initio} and Mean Field Approximation theor…
In order to approach the pion--multinucleon problem, we have found it convenient to reformulate the general N--body theory starting from the fully unclusterized (i.e., N <- N) amplitude. If we rewrite such an amplitude in terms of new unknowns which can be later identified as the amplitudes for all the (N-1) <- (N-1) cluster processes, and repeat recursively the procedure up to the treatment of the 2 <- 2 cluster processes, we obtain very naturally the hierarchy of equations which ranges from the N--body fully--disconnected Lippmann--Schwinger equation to the N--body connected--kernel Yakubovs…
We discuss a working approximation scheme to a recently developed formulation of the coupled piNNN-NNN problem. The approximation scheme is based on the physical assumption that, at low energies, the 2N-subsystem dynamics in the elastic channel is conveniently described by the usual 2N-potential approach, while the explicit pion dynamics describes small, correction-type effects. Using the standard separable-expansion method, we obtain a dynamical equation of the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (AGS) type. This is an important result, because the computational techniques used for solving the normal AGS…
The core excitation, being an important reaction mechanism, so far is not properly included in most calculations of three-body nuclear reactions. We aim to include the excitation of the core nucleus using an exact Faddeev-type framework for nuclear reactions in the three-body (core + neutron + proton) system. We employ Alt, Grassberger, and Sandhas (AGS) integral equations for the three-particle transition operators and solve them in the momentum-space framework. The Coulomb interaction is included via the method of screening and renormalization. We calculate elastic, inelastic, and transfer r…
We report on the first results of a full three-body calculation of the $\bar{K}NN$-$πYN$ amplitude for the $K^-d\rightarrowπΣn$ reaction, and examine how the $Λ(1405)$ resonance manifests itself in the neutron energy distributions of $K^-d\rightarrowπΣn$ reactions. The amplitudes are computed using the $\bar{K}NN$-$πYN$ coupled-channels Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (AGS) equations. Two types of models are considered for the two-body meson-baryon interactions: an energy-independent interaction and an energy-dependent one, both derived from the leading order chiral SU(3) Lagrangian. These two models …
[Background] Proton-induced knockout reactions of the form $(p,pN)$ have experienced a renewed interest in recent years due to the possibility of performing these measurements with rare isotopes, using inverse kinematics. Several theoretical models are being used for the interpretation of these new data, such as the distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA), the transition amplitude formulation of the Faddeev equations due to Alt, Grassberger and Sandhas (FAGS) and, more recently, a coupled-channels method here referred to as transfer-to-the-continuum (TC). [Purpose] Our goal is to compare t…
The $Λ(1405)$ resonance production reaction is investigated within the framework of the coupled-channels Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas (AGS) equations. We perform full three-body calculations for the $\bar{K}NN-πYN$ amplitudes on the physical real energy axis and investigate how the signature of the $Λ(1405)$ appears in the cross sections of the $K^-d\rightarrow πΣn$ reactions, also in view of the planned E31 experiment at J-PARC. Two types of meson-baryon interaction models are considered: an energy-dependent interaction based on chiral $SU(3)$ effective field theory, and an energy-independent vers…
It is well known that multi-particle integral equations of collision theory, in general, are not compact. At the same time it has been shown that the motion of three and four particles is described with consistent integral equations. In particular, by using identical transformations of the kernel of the Lipman-Schwinger equation for certain classes of potentials Faddeev obtained Fredholm type integral equations for three-particle problems $[1]$. The motion of for bodies is described by equations of Yakubovsky and Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas-Khelashvili $[2.3]$, which are obtained as a result of tw…
A theory of two-pion photo- and electroproduction off the nucleon is derived considering all explicit three-body mechanisms of the interacting $ππN$ system. The full three-body dynamics of the interacting $ππN$ system is accounted for by the Faddeev-type ordering structure of the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equations. The formulation is valid for hadronic two-point and three-point functions dressed by arbitrary internal mechanisms provided all associated electromagnetic currents are constructed to satisfy their respective (generalized) Ward-Takahashi identities. It is shown that coupling the photo…
