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arXiv 0901.0714astro-ph.SR
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B[e]星主序星前后演化阶段:来自13 CO带发射的约束

The pre- versus post-main sequence evolutionary phase of B[e] stars: Constraints from 13CO band emission

Michaela Kraus

摘要:

许多银河系B[e]星的距离测定不正确,这使得很难根据光度参数区分主序星演化的前后阶段。此外,这些恒星有不透明的星周物质,遮蔽了中央恒星,因此无法进行详细的表面丰度研究。我们提出了一个不同的指标的超巨星状态的B[e]星,根据其星周物质的富集13 C,并通过其13 CO带发射的K波段光谱检测。基于恒星演化模型,计算了不同初始质量的非自转恒星演化过程中12 C/13 C同位素表面丰度比的变化.对于不同的值的12 C/13 C的比例,然后我们计算合成的第一泛音振动旋转带光谱从12 CO和13 CO分子在不同的光谱分辨率。进一步讨论了恒星自转对表面12 C/13 C比值变化的影响。在非自转恒星的主序后演化过程中,其表面12 C/13 C同位素比值急剧下降,初始质量大于7M_sun的恒星从星际的70下降到15-20,初始质量大于25M_sun的恒星下降到小于5.我们发现,可检测的13 CO带头发射产生的同位素比12 C/13 C < 20,最容易检测到的光谱分辨率为R ~ 1500。3000.对于旋转恒星模型,在主序星演化过程中,所有M > 9 Msun的恒星的12 C/13 C都已经发生了下降。因此,在B[e]星的这种中等分辨率K波段光谱中检测到13 CO波段头发射有利于该物体的演化性质,而不是年轻性质。

英文摘要:

Many galactic B[e] stars suffer from improper distance determinations, which make it difficult to distinguish between a pre- and post-main sequence evolutionary phase on the basis of luminosity arguments. In addition, these stars have opaque circumstellar material, obscuring the central star, so that no detailed surface abundance studies can be performed. We propose a different indicator for the supergiant status of a B[e] star, based on the enrichment of its circumstellar matter by 13C, and detectable via its 13CO band emission in the K band spectra. Based on stellar evolution models, we calculate the variation of the 12C/13C isotopic surface abundance ratio during the evolution of non-rotating stars with different initial masses. For different values of the 12C/13C ratio we then compute synthetic first-overtone vibration-rotational band spectra from both the 12CO and 13CO molecule at different spectral resolutions. We further discuss the influence of stellar rotation on the variation of the surface 12C/13C ratio. The surface 12C/13C isotope ratio is found to decrease strongly during the post-main sequence evolution of non-rotating stars, from its interstellar value of about 70 to a value of about 15-20 for stars with initial masses higher than 7 M_sun, and to a value of less than 5 for stars with initial masses higher than 25 M_sun. We find that detectable 13CO band head emission is produced for isotope ratios 12C/13C < 20, and can most easily be detected with a spectral resolution of R ~ 1500...3000. For the rotating stellar models, the drop in 12C/13C already occurs for all stars with M > 9 M_sun during the main-sequence evolution. The detection of 13CO band head emission in such mid-resolution K band spectra of a B[e] star thus favours an evolved rather than a young nature of the object.

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