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arXiv 0901.0547astro-ph.CO
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LCDM宇宙中的黑洞自旋和射电响度

Black hole spin and radio loudness in a LCDM universe

Claudia del P. Lagos, Nelson D. Padilla, Sofia A. Cora

摘要:

我们使用一个宇宙学N体模拟的一致性λ冷暗物质(LCDM)范式和星系形成的半解析模型相结合,研究中心超大质量黑洞(BH)的自旋发展及其与BH宿主星系性质的关系。为了计算BH自旋,我们使用Shakura和Sunyaev的α模型,并考虑King等人的翘曲盘对准准则。吸积盘的方向是由吸积源的角动量来推断的,这与模拟中的大尺度结构有着密切的关系。我们发现,最终BH自旋几乎完全依赖于吸积的历史,只有微弱的翘曲盘对齐。BH自旋的主要机制被发现是气体冷却过程和光盘的不稳定性,这一结果是只有部分兼容的蒙特卡罗模型,其中主要的自旋机制是主要的合并和光盘的不稳定性;后者的结果时,在我们的模型中实现随机取向的吸积盘再现。关于BH人口,我们发现,更多的大规模BH,这是大规模的椭圆星系主办,有更高的自旋值比质量较低的BH,由螺旋星系主办。我们分析了气体吸积率和BH自旋是否可以作为活动星系核(AGN)射电响度的示踪剂。我们发现,目前的观测指标的无线电响亮AGN分数与恒星和BH质量的增加趋势时,可以很容易地获得BH自旋的下限,从限制吸积率的影响最小,随机吸积盘方向的模型是无法重现这种趋势。(简略)

英文摘要:

We use a combination of a cosmological N-body simulation of the concordance Lambda cold dark matter (LCDM) paradigm and a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation to investigate the spin development of central supermassive black holes (BHs) and its relation to the BH host galaxy properties. In order to compute BH spins, we use the alpha-model of Shakura & Sunyaev and consider the King et al. warped disc alignment criterion. The orientation of the accretion disc is inferred from the angular momentum of the source of accreted material, which bears a close relationship to the large-scale structure in the simulation. We find that the final BH spin depends almost exclusively on the accretion history and only weakly on the warped disc alignment. The main mechanisms of BH spin-up are found to be gas cooling processes and disc instabilities, a result that is only partially compatible with Monte-Carlo models where the main spin-up mechanisms are major mergers and disc instabilities; the latter results are reproduced when implementing randomly oriented accretion discs in our model. Regarding the BH population, we find that more massive BHs, which are hosted by massive ellipticals, have higher spin values than less-massive BHs, hosted by spiral galaxies. We analyse whether gas accretion rates and BH spins can be used as tracers of the radio loudness of active galactic nuclei (AGN). We find that the current observational indications of an increasing trend of radio-loud AGN fractions with stellar and BH mass can be easily obtained when placing lower limits on the BH spin, with a minimum influence from limits on the accretion rates; a model with random accretion disc orientations is unable to reproduce this trend. (ABRIDGED)

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