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arXiv 0812.4624hep-phastro-phhep-th
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Higgs-Inflaton与引力耦合的标准模型中的预热

Preheating in the Standard Model with the Higgs-Inflaton coupled to gravity

Juan Garcia-Bellido, Daniel G. Figueroa, Javier Rubio

摘要:

我们研究的细节预热的暴胀的情况下,标准模型希格斯,强烈的非最小耦合到重力,发挥的作用的暴胀。我们发现,宇宙不会立即通过微扰衰变重新加热,而是启动了一个复杂的过程,其中微扰和非微扰效应混合。希格斯玻色子凝结体开始在其势能的最小值附近振荡,由于违反了所谓的绝热性条件,非微扰地产生W和Z规范玻色子。然而,在每个半振荡期间,所产生的规范玻色子完全衰变(微扰)为费米子。这样,规范玻色子的衰变阻止了参量共振的发展,因为玻色子在开始时不能显著地模拟。然而,转移到玻色子衰变产物的能量不足以使宇宙重新加热,因此在大约一百次振荡之后,共振效应最终将主导微扰衰变。大约在同一时间(或稍早一点),规范玻色子对希格斯凝聚体的反作用也将开始显着。不久之后,宇宙充满了希格斯粒子的残余凝聚体和非热分布的标准模型粒子,这些粒子作为辐射红移,而希格斯粒子继续作为无压流体振荡。我们计算出在逆反应中存在的所有物种之间的能量分布。从那里直到热化,系统的演化是高度非线性和非微扰的,需要通过数值模拟进行仔细研究。

英文摘要:

We study the details of preheating in an inflationary scenario in which the Standard Model Higgs, strongly non-minimally coupled to gravity, plays the role of the inflaton. We find that the Universe does not reheat immediately through perturbative decays, but rather initiate a complex process in which perturbative and non-perturbative effects are mixed. The Higgs condesate starts oscillating around the minimum of its potential, producing W and Z gauge bosons non-perturbatively, due to violation of the so-called adiabaticity condition. However, during each semi-oscillation, the created gauge bosons completely decay (perturbatively) into fermions. This way, the decay of the gauge bosons prevents the development of parametric resonance, since bosons cannot accummulate significantly at the beginning. However, the energy transferred to the decay products of the bosons is not enough to reheat the universe, so after about a hundred oscillations, the resonance effect will finally dominate over the perturbative decays. Around the same time (or slightly earlier), backreaction from the gauge bosons onto the Higgs condensate will also start to be significant. Soon afterwards, the Universe is filled with the remnant condensate of the Higgs and a non-thermal distribution of Standard Model particles which redshift as radiation, while the Higgs continues to oscillate as a pressureless fluid. We compute the distribution of energy among all the species present at backreaction. From there on until thermalization, the evolution of the system is highly non-linear and non-perturbative, and will require a careful study via numerical simulations.

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