arXiv 0812.44942008-12-24hep-ph

作为新物理学探索的早期宇宙

The Early Universe as a Probe of New Physics

Chris Bird

备注：: Doctoral Dissertation

摘要：

粒子物理学的标准模型在过去的几十年里得到了前所未有的精确验证。然而，自然界中仍然存在无法解释的现象，因此需要新的理论。由于地面实验在能量和探测精度上都受到限制，因此需要新的方法来寻找标准模型之外的物理学迹象。在这篇论文中，我将展示如何通过寻找这些理论在早期宇宙中的残余影响来探索这些理论。我特别关注标准模型的三种可能的扩展：增加大质量中性粒子作为暗物质（通过使用暗物质的几个极小模型），增加带电大质量粒子（通过催化大爆炸核合成），以及更高维度的存在（通过它对BBN和银河系正电子产生的影响）。对于每个新模型，我回顾了现有的实验边界和在下一代实验中发现新物理的潜力。

英文摘要：

The Standard Model of Particle Physics has been verified to unprecedented precision in the last few decades. However there are still phenomena in nature which cannot be explained, and as such new theories will be required. Since terrestrial experiments are limited in both the energy and precision that can be probed, new methods are required to search for signs of physics beyond the Standard Model. In this dissertation, I demonstrate how these theories can be probed by searching for remnants of their effects in the early Universe. In particular I focus on three possible extensions of the Standard Model: the addition of massive neutral particles as dark matter (through the use of several minimal models of dark matter), the addition of charged massive particles (through catalyzed Big Bang Nucleosynthesis), and the existence of higher dimensions (through its effects on BBN and galactic positron production). For each new model, I review the existing experimental bounds and the potential for discovering new physics in the next generation of experiments.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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英文摘要：

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