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arXiv 0812.1638astro-ph
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星系团Abell 496和Abell 85的高能gamma-ray观测

Very high energy gamma-ray observations of the galaxy clusters Abell 496 and Abell 85 with H.E.S.S

H. E. S. S. Collaboration, :, F. Aharonian

摘要:

目的:在甚高能(VHE,E > 100 GeV)波段对邻近的星系团Abell 496和Abell 85进行了研究,以探讨这类天体中的VHE宇宙射线(CRs)。方法:H.E.S.S.,四个成像大气切伦科夫望远镜(IACT)的阵列,用于观察VHE伽马射线范围内的目标。结果如下:没有发现显着的伽马射线信号在两个集群的相应位置与几个不同的源大小的假设为每个目标。特别是,发射区域对应的高密度的核心,在这些集群中的整个X射线发射的延伸,和非常扩展的区域,预计吸积激波,进行了调查。上限的伽玛射线通量在能量E>570 GeV的Abell 496和E>460 GeV的Abell 85。结论:从VHE γ射线中的未探测到,计算了团簇中强子CRs的总能量上限。如果宇宙射线能量密度遵循大尺度气体密度分布,则由于Abell 496的质量较大且气体密度较高,这些非热粒子的能量相对于团簇内介质(ICM)的总热能的分数的极限为51%,而Abell 85仅为8%。这些上限与理论估计值进行了比较。他们预测约10%的热能的ICM在非热粒子。这里提出的观测结果可以限制这些预测,特别是对于Abell 85星系团的情况。

英文摘要:

Aims: The nearby galaxy clusters Abell 496 and Abell 85 are studied in the very high energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) band to investigate VHE cosmic rays (CRs) in this class of objects which are the largest gravitationally bound systems in the Universe. Methods: H.E.S.S., an array of four Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT), is used to observe the targets in the range of VHE gamma rays. Results: No significant gamma-ray signal is found at the respective position of the two clusters with several different source size assumptions for each target. In particular, emission regions corresponding to the high density core, to the extension of the entire X-ray emission in these clusters, and to the very extended region where the accretion shock is expected, are investigated. Upper limits are derived for the gamma-ray flux at energies E>570 GeV for Abell 496 and E>460 GeV for Abell 85. Conclusions: From the non-detection in VHE gamma rays, upper limits on the total energy of hadronic CRs in the clusters are calculated. If the cosmic-ray energy density follows the large scale gas density profile, the limit on the fraction of energy in these non-thermal particles with respect to the total thermal energy of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) is 51% for Abell 496 and only 8% for Abell 85 due to its larger mass and higher gas density. These upper limits are compared with theoretical estimates. They predict about ~10% of the thermal energy of the ICM in non-thermal particles. The observations presented here can constrain these predictions especially for the case of the Abell 85 cluster.

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