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arXiv 0812.1495astro-ph
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来自SDSS条纹82的极微弱的高自行天体--大约40个新天体的光学分类光谱学

Extremely faint high proper motion objects from SDSS stripe 82 - Optical classification spectroscopy of about 40 new objects

R. -D. Scholz, J. Storm, G. R. Knapp, H. Zinnecker

摘要:

沿着天赤道(SDSS条纹82 = S82)的275平方度区域内的深多历元斯隆数字巡天数据使我们能够搜索自行大于0.14角秒/年的极暗($i>21$)天体。我们使用FORS1@ESO VLT对38个新检测到的物体进行低分辨率光谱分类。在我们的高自行巡天中,已经探测到了S82中所有22个已知的L型矮星。然而,已知的L型矮星中有11颗的自行较小(0.01 $<$ $μ$ $<$ 0.14角秒/年)。虽然S82已经是最好的研究天区的L和T矮星,我们能够分类13个新的L矮星。我们还发现了8颗新的M7.5-M9.5矮星。我们发现的四颗新的冷白矮星(CWD)比以前在SDSS数据中发现的暗1-2等。所有新的L型,晚M和CWD对象显示厚盘和晕运动学。有13个天体,大部分具有不确定的自行,我们最初将其归类为中M矮星。其中,我们发现了9个具有替代亚矮星分类(sdM 7或更早的类型),而我们没有发现任何新的光谱类似于已知的超冷($>$ sdM 7)亚矮星。一些M亚矮星候选者已经被分类的光谱指数的基础上,具有很大的不确定性。我们未能探测到附近新的($d<50$ pc)L矮星,可能是因为S82区域之前已经被充分研究过了。通过我们的调查,我们已经证明了比以前的搜索更高的效率在寻找星系晕CWD。晕状CWD的空间密度约为1.5-3.0 $\times$ × 10 $^{-5}$ pc $^{-3}$。

英文摘要:

(abridged) Deep multi-epoch Sloan Digital Sky Survey data in a 275 square degrees area along the celestial equator (SDSS stripe 82 = S82) allowed us to search for extremely faint ($i>21$) objects with proper motions larger than 0.14 arcsec/yr. We classify 38 newly detected objects with low-resolution optical spectroscopy using FORS1 @ ESO VLT. All 22 previously known L dwarfs in S82 have been detected in our high proper motion survey. However, 11 of the known L dwarfs have smaller proper motions (0.01$<$$μ$$<$0.14 arcsec/yr). Although S82 was already one of the best investigated sky regions with respect to L and T dwarfs, we are able to classify 13 new L dwarfs. We have also found eight new M7.5-M9.5 dwarfs. Four new cool white dwarfs (CWDs) discovered by us are about 1-2 mag fainter than those previously detected in SDSS data. All new L-type, late-M and CWD objects show thick disk and halo kinematics. There are 13 objects, mostly with uncertain proper motions, which we initially classified as mid-M dwarfs. Among them we have found 9 with an alternative subdwarf classification (sdM7 or earlier types), whereas we have not found any new spectra resembling the known ultracool ($>$sdM7) subdwarfs. Some M subdwarf candidates have been classified based on spectral indices with large uncertainties. We failed to detect new nearby ($d<50$ pc) L dwarfs, probably because the S82 area was already well-investigated before. With our survey we have demonstrated a higher efficiency in finding Galactic halo CWDs than previous searches. The space density of halo CWDs is according to our results about 1.5-3.0 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ pc$^{-3}$.

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