本文总结了我们对中心排他衍射pp -> p + H + p（H =大质量系统）中快度间隙生存的动力学机制的理解，并讨论了目前生存概率估计的不确定性。衍射散射的主要抑制是由于在小PP碰撞参量下的非弹性软旁观者相互作用，并且可以在平均场近似（独立的硬和软相互作用）中描述。适度的额外抑制来自碰撞质子的部分子组态的涨落。在LHC能量下，与gg -> H过程相关的硬旁观者部分子的吸收相互作用达到了黑盘区，并引起了大量的额外抑制，使生存概率低于0.01。
英文摘要：
We summarize our understanding of the dynamical mechanisms governing rapidity gap survival in central exclusive diffraction, pp -> p + H + p (H = high-mass system), and discuss the uncertainties in present estimates of the survival probability. The main suppression of diffractive scattering is due to inelastic soft spectator interactions at small pp impact parameters and can be described in a mean-field approximation (independent hard and soft interactions). Moderate extra suppression results from fluctuations of the partonic configurations of the colliding protons. At LHC energies absorptive interactions of hard spectator partons associated with the gg -> H process reach the black-disk regime and cause substantial additional suppression, pushing the survival probability below 0.01.
We study the probability for no jets with transverse momenta above a given cut to be found in the rapidity region between two high pT jets with a large rapidity separation. Our investigation uses the parton shower event generator DEDUCTOR with color beyond the leading-color-plus approximation included perturbatively.
We apply the phenomenological Reggeon field theory framework to investigate rapidity gap survival (RGS) probability for diffractive dijet production in proton-proton collisions. In particular, we study in some detail rapidity gap suppression due to elastic rescatterings of intermediate partons in the underlying parton cascades, described by enhanced (Pomeron-Pomeron interaction) diagrams. We demonstrate that such contributions play a subdominant role, compared to the usual, so-called "eikonal", rapidity gap suppression due to elastic rescatterings of constituent partons of the colliding proton…
Energy dependence of the survival probability of large rapidity gap
在假定高斯不透明度的Eikonal模型中计算了大快度能隙（LRG）$< \mid S \mid^2 >$的生存概率与能量的关系。确定$< \mid S \mid^2 >$的参数直接从实验数据中进行评估，而无需进一步求助于模型。我们发现，$< \mid S \mid^2 >$随着能量的增加而减少，与最近的结果在Tevatron的LRG dijet生产。
本文总结了TeV能量下强相互作用的黑盘机制（BDR）如何影响纯硬衍射pp -> p + H + p（H = dijet，Qbar-Q，Higgs）中快度能隙的生存。采用最近开发的部分子描述这样的过程中，我们讨论（a）在小碰撞参量的衍射抑制软旁观者相互作用的BDR;（b）进一步抑制硬旁观者部分子的非弹性相互作用的BDR;（c）硬和软相互作用之间的相关性。硬观众的相互作用大大降低了在LHC能量的快度间隙生存概率相比，以前报道的估计。
本文总结了TeV能量下强相互作用的黑盘机制（BDR）如何影响纯硬衍射pp--> p + H + p（H =dijet，\bar Q Q，Higgs）中快度能隙的生存。采用最近开发的部分子描述这样的过程中，我们讨论（a）在小碰撞参量的衍射抑制软旁观者的相互作用在BDR;（b）进一步抑制硬旁观者部分子在BDR的非弹性相互作用;（c）硬和软相互作用之间的相关性的影响，建议由各种模型的质子结构（颜色波动，部分子的空间相关性）。硬观众的相互作用在BDR大幅降低在LHC能量的快度间隙生存概率相比，以前报道的估计。
Observations of rare processes containing large rapidity gaps at high energy colliders may be exceptionally informative. However the cross sections of these events are small in comparison with that for the inclusive processes since there is a large probability that the gaps may be filled by secondary particles arising from additional soft interactions or from gluon radiation. Here we review the calculations of the probability that the gaps survive population by particles from these effects for a wide range of different processes.
Production of Z^0 bosons with rapidity gaps: exclusive photoproduction in gamma p and p p collisions and inclusive double diffractive Z^0's
本文将光生矢量介子的k_ \perp -因子分解形式推广到电弱Z^0玻色子的产生。用未积分的胶子分布对深度非弹性数据进行了检验，给出了γ p \to Z^0 p和p p \to p p Z^0反应的预测。我们给出了Z^0快度、Z^0横向动量以及出射质子之间相对方位角的分布。不同风味的贡献进行了讨论。吸收效应使截面降低了1.5-2倍，这取决于Z玻色子的快度。我们还讨论了中心包容产生中Z^0玻色子的产生。这里计算了Z^0的快度和（x_{\Pom,1}，x_{\Pom,2}）分布。相应的截面比纯互斥过程的截面大三个数量级。
Rapidity distributions of vector mesons are computed in dipole model proton-lead ultraperipheral collisions(UPCs) at the CERN Larger Hadron Collider(LHC). The dipole model framework is implemented in the calculations of cross sections in the photon-hadron interaction. The bCGC model and Boosted Gaussian wave functions are employed in the scattering amplitude. We obtain predictions of rapidity distributions of $J/ψ$ meson proton-lead ultraperipheral collisions. The predictions give a good descriptions to the experimental data of ALICE. The rapidity distributions of $ϕ$, $ω$ and $ψ(2s)$ mesons i…
We calculate the cross section for $p p \to W^{+} W^-$ in the recently developed $k_{\rm T}$-factorisation approach, including transverse momenta of the virtual photons. We focus on processes with single and double proton dissociation. First we discuss the gap survival on the parton level as due to the emission of extra jet. Both the role of valence and sea contributions is discussed. The hadronisation of proton remnants is performed with {PYTHIA 8} string fragmentation model, assuming a simple quark-diquark model for proton. Highly excited remnant systems hadronise producing particles that ca…
Double diffractive Higgs production at $pp$ (or $\bar{p}p$) colliders continues to attract attention as a potential signal in the search for the boson. We present improved perturbative QCD estimates of the event rates for both the exclusive and inclusive double diffractive Higgs processes, paying particular attention to the survival probability of the rapidity gaps. We find that the major uncertainty is in the prediction for the survival probability associated with soft rescattering. We show that an analogous process, the double diffractive production of a pair of jets with large values of $E_…
Generalized parton distributions and rapidity gap survival in exclusive diffractive pp scattering
提出了一种新的方法来解决双能隙排斥衍射pp散射中产生大质量系统（H =双喷流，重夸克偶素，希格斯玻色子）的快度能隙生存问题，pp -> p +（gap）+ H +（gap）+p.高质量系统是在质子之间交换两个胶子的硬散射过程中产生的。它的振幅可以用质子中的胶子广义部分子分布（GPD）来计算，GPD可以用排斥ep散射中的J/psi产生来测量。硬散射过程中修改软旁观者的相互作用，我们计算在一个独立的方式在pp弹性散射振幅。来自非弹性中间态的贡献被抑制。得到了衍射中硬相互作用和软相互作用的简单几何图象。在TeV能量的PP散射的黑盘极限的发病强烈抑制衍射在小碰撞参量，是在确定RGS概率的主要因素。硬相互作用和软相互作用之间的关联（例如，由于质子的长程π介子场的散射，或者由于部分子之间可能的短程横向关联）进一步降低了RGS概率。我们还研究了衍射截面对末态质子横动量的依赖性（“衍射图样”）。通过测量这种依赖性，人们可以对硬相互作用和软相互作用的相互作用进行详细的测试，甚至可以提取质子中胶子GPD的信息。这样的研究似乎是可行的计划在大型强子对撞机的前向探测器。
We consider the absorptive corrections and the rapidity gap survival factor which are necessary to provide the unitarization of the BFKL Pomeron. In particular we discuss the role of the enhanced screening diagrams.
Possible evidence for color transparency from dijet production with large rapidity gaps in $γp$ scattering at HERA and how to test it in $γp, γA$ scattering
We discuss photon-photon fusion mechanisms of dilepton production in proton-proton collisions with rapidity gap in the main detector and one forward proton in the forward proton detectors. This is relevant for the LHC measurements by ATLAS+AFP and CMS+PPS. Transverse momenta of the intermediate photons are taken into account and photon fluxes are expressed in terms of proton electromagnetic form factors and structure functions. Differential distributions in $ξ_{1/2}$, $M_{ll}$, $Y_{ll}$, $p_{t,ll}$, $M_R$ %pamietac wyjasnic M_R w tekscie are shown and the competition of different mechanisms is…
Central Exclusive Particle Production at High Energy Hadron Colliders
本文综述了在高能强子对撞机上中心排他粒子的产生。特别地，我们考虑A + B -> A + X + B类型的反应，其中X是一个完全指定的粒子质点系，它与出射束粒子在快度上有很好的分离。我们专注于碰撞粒子强烈相互作用的情况下，主要是质子（或反质子）在ISR，SppS，Tevatron和LHC。数据进行调查，并放置在理论发展的背景下。
We investigate the theoretical uncertainty on the predictions for the photoproduction of $ρ$ and $J/Ψ$ states in nucleus-nucleus collisions at Run 2 LHC energies using the Color Dipole formalism. The results for rapidity distributions and total cross sections are presented. Moreover, we compare directly the theoretical results to the recent preliminary data from ALICE collaboration on $ρ$ production in $PbPb$ collisions at central rapidity.
We present a new framework for the modelling of hard diffraction in pp and ppbar collisions. It starts from the the approach pioneered by Ingelman and Schlein, wherein the single diffractive cross section is factorized into a Pomeron flux and a Pomeron PDF. To this it adds a dynamically calculated rapidity gap survival factor, derived from the modelling of multiparton interactions. This factor is not relevant for diffraction in ep collisions, giving non-universality between HERA and Tevatron diffractive event rates. The model has been implemented in Pythia 8 and provides a complete description…
We discuss the mechanisms of photon-photon fusion triggering the dilepton production in proton-proton collisions with rapidity gap in the main detector and one forward proton in the forward proton detectors. This correspond to the LHC measurements made by ATLAS+AFP and CMS+PPS. Transverse momenta of the intermediate photons and photon fluxes expressed by the form factors and structure functions are included. Moreover the influence of proton measurement and cuts on the $ξ_{1/2}$, $M_{ll}$, $Y_{ll}$, $p_{t,ll}$ distributions, cross section and gap survival factor are considered for both double-e…
我们使用新的SuperChic 2 Monte Carlo事件发生器为LHC的中央独家生产过程提供了一系列物理结果。这包括重大的理论改进和更新，最重要的是对软生存因子的完全差异化处理，以及更多的生成过程。我们提供了一个最新的理论框架的概述，并详细考虑选择的最终状态，即排他性2和3喷流，光生矢量介子，双光子启动μ子和$W$玻色子对和重$χ_{c,b}$夸克。
