用于间接暗物质探测的WIMPonium和增强因子
WIMPonium and Boost Factors for Indirect Dark Matter Detection
摘要：
我们认为在合理的暗物质（DM）粒子物理模型中，WIMP暗物质可以通过长寿命的“WIMP 鎓”束缚态湮灭。WIMPonium束缚态可以发生在阈值或阈值附近，导致DM湮灭率的显著增强，与索末菲效应密切相关。因此，在没有大的密度增强的情况下，湮灭率可以发生大的“提升因子”放大，可能更喜欢较冷的密度较低的天体，如矮星系作为间接DM搜索的位置。辐射俘获到WIMPonium态和在WIMPonium态之间的跃迁一般导致湮灭产物的丰富能谱，在2体衰变到$γγ$或$γZ$终态的情况下可能有许多不同的谱线。多辐射俘获模式的存在进一步提高了总湮灭率，并且线的检测将给出关于DM粒子的性质和自相互作用的直接超定信息。
英文摘要：
We argue that WIMP dark matter can annihilate via long-lived "WIMPonium" bound states in reasonable particle physics models of dark matter (DM). WIMPonium bound states can occur at or near threshold leading to substantial enhancements in the DM annihilation rate, closely related to the Sommerfeld effect. Large "boost factor" amplifications in the annihilation rate can thus occur without large density enhancements, possibly preferring colder less dense objects such as dwarf galaxies as locations for indirect DM searches. The radiative capture to and transitions among the WIMPonium states generically lead to a rich energy spectrum of annihilation products, with many distinct lines possible in the case of 2-body decays to $γγ$ or $γZ$ final states. The existence of multiple radiative capture modes further enhances the total annihilation rate, and the detection of the lines would give direct over-determined information on the nature and self-interactions of the DM particles.
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