TlCuCl3及其它绝缘自旋系统的U（1）对称破缺和轴对称破坏
U(1)-Symmetry breaking and violation of axial symmetry in TlCuCl3 and other insulating spin systems
摘要：
本文用唯象标准泛函方法描述了T = 0时绝缘自旋系统中磁性玻色准粒子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。我们表明，已经知道从先进的计算技术的结果立即遵循。包含一个扰动的各向异性项，违反了轴对称性，使我们能够非常好地解释了一些实验功能的二聚自旋1/2系统TlCuCl 3。基于一个充满活力的参数，我们预测一个轴对称的磁凝聚体对违反这种对称性，这导致自发形成的各向异性间隙的能谱以上的临界场的一般内在不稳定性。因此，我们期望在绝缘自旋系统中存在真正的Goldstone模式，即，在任何实际材料中都不能观察到严格的线性能量色散关系，直到任意小的激发能量。
英文摘要：
We describe the Bose-Einstein condensate of magnetic bosonic quasiparticles in insulating spin systems using a phenomenological standard functional method for T = 0. We show that results that are already known from advanced computational techniques immediately follow. The inclusion of a perturbative anisotropy term that violates the axial symmetry allows us to remarkably well explain a number of experimental features of the dimerized spin-1/2 system TlCuCl3. Based on an energetic argument we predict a general intrinsic instability of an axially symmetric magnetic condensate towards a violation of this symmetry, which leads to the spontaneous formation of an anisotropy gap in the energy spectrum above the critical field. We, therefore, expect that a true Goldstone mode in insulating spin systems, i.e., a strictly linear energy-dispersion relation down to arbitrarily small excitations energies, cannot be observed in any real material.
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