关于其他行星大气层中精灵可能性的研究
A study of the possibility of sprites in the atmospheres of other planets
摘要：
雪晶是一种壮观的瞬变发光事件（TLE），它发生在闪电之后的雷暴上方。它们有巨大的水母、胡萝卜或圆柱的形状，持续数十毫秒。在地球的大气层中，精灵主要从激发的N2和N2+中发射红色和蓝色波长，并且在地表上方50至90公里之间的垂直范围内。精灵的发射光谱、形态和出现高度反映了它们所居住的行星大气的性质，并与初始母闪电的强度有关。本文给出了金星CO_2大气、土卫六N_2大气和木星H_2-He大气中闪电放电上方精灵的预期出现高度的理论计算结果。介绍了预期的发射特征，并讨论了轨道航天器探测行星大气中精灵的潜力。
英文摘要：
Sprites are a spectacular type of transient luminous events (TLE) which occur above thunderstorms immediately after lightning. They have shapes of giant jellyfish, carrots or columns and last tens of milliseconds. In Earth's atmosphere, sprites mostly emit in red and blue wavelengths from excited N2 and N2+ and span a vertical range between 50 and 90 km above the surface. The emission spectra, morphology and occurrence heights of sprites reflect the properties of the planetary atmosphere they inhabit and are related to the intensity of the initiating parent lightning.. This paper presents results of theoretical calculations of the expected occurrence heights of sprites above lightning discharges in the CO2 atmosphere of Venus, the N2 atmosphere of Titan and the H2-He atmosphere of Jupiter. The expected emission features are presented and the potential of detecting sprites in planetary atmospheres by orbiting spacecraft is discussed.
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