应力作用下含缺陷二维晶体的模拟：高温下碳纳米管的超伸长
Modelling two-dimensional Crystals with Defects under Stress: Superelongation of Carbon Nanotubes at high Temperatures
摘要：
我们计算分析的相图的二维正方形晶体和其包裹的版本与外部均匀应力下的缺陷作为温度的函数，使用一个简单的弹性晶格模型，允许缺陷的形成。温度依赖性很弱。这一结果与最近碳纳米管的应力实验有关。在不断增加的压力下，我们发现一个交叉制度，我们确定与开裂过渡，几乎是独立的温度。此外，我们发现了一个几乎与应力无关的熔点。此外，我们推导出一个增强的延展性与开裂前的相对应变在200- 400%之间，与碳纳米管的实验。具体值取决于泊松比和外力与晶轴之间的角度。我们给出的论点，碳纳米管的结果是没有太大的不同包裹的方形晶体。
英文摘要：
We calculate analytically the phase diagram of a two-dimensional square crystal and its wrapped version with defects under external homogeneous stress as a function of temperature using a simple elastic lattice model that allows for defect formation. The temperature dependence turns out to be very weak. The results are relevant for recent stress experiments on carbon nanotubes. Under increasing stress, we find a crossover regime which we identify with a cracking transition that is almost independent of temperature. Furthermore, we find an almost stress-independent melting point. In addition, we derive an enhanced ductility with relative strains before cracking between 200-400%, in agreement with carbon nanotube experiments. The specific values depend on the Poisson ratio and the angle between the external force and the crystal axes. We give arguments that the results for carbon nanotubes are not much different to the wrapped square crystal.
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