Renormalization group flows of quiver gauge theories play a central role in determining the low-energy properties of string vacua. We demonstrate that useful predictions about the RG dynamics of a quiver gauge theory may be extracted from the global structure of its quiver diagram. For quiver theories of a certain type, we develop an efficient and practical method for determining which superpotential deformations generate a flow to an interacting conformal fixed point.
We define "BPS graphs" on punctured Riemann surfaces associated with $A_{N-1}$ theories of class $\mathcal{S}$. BPS graphs provide a bridge between two powerful frameworks for studying the spectrum of BPS states: spectral networks and BPS quivers. They arise from degenerate spectral networks at maximal intersections of walls of marginal stability on the Coulomb branch. While the BPS spectrum is ill-defined at such intersections, a BPS graph captures a useful basis of elementary BPS states. The topology of a BPS graph encodes a BPS quiver, even for higher-rank theories and for theories with cer…
We introduce and explore the relation between quivers and 3-manifolds with the topology of the knot complement. This idea can be viewed as an adaptation of the knots-quivers correspondence to Gukov-Manolescu invariants of knot complements (also known as $F_K$ or $\hat{Z}$). Apart from assigning quivers to complements of $T^{(2,2p+1)}$ torus knots, we study the physical interpretation in terms of the BPS spectrum and general structure of 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ theories associated to both sides of the correspondence. We also make a step towards categorification by proposing a $t$-deformation of all …
Holographic Krylov Complexity for Conformal Quiver Gauge Theories
Institute for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University（莫斯科国立大学理论与数学物理研究所）；Centre for Quantum Fields and Gravity, Department of Physics, Swansea University（斯旺西大学物理系量子场与引力中心）；Instituto de Física Teórica, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista（圣保罗州立大学理论物理研究所）；Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee（鲁尔基印度理工学院物理系）
Symmetry Theories (SymThs) provide a flexible framework for analyzing the global categorical symmetries of a $D$-dimensional QFT$_{D}$ in terms of a $(D+1)$-dimensional bulk system SymTh$_{D+1}$. In QFTs realized via local string backgrounds, these SymThs naturally arise from dimensional reduction of the linking boundary geometry. To track possible time dependent effects we introduce a celestial generalization of the standard "boundary at infinity" of a SymTh. As an application of these considerations we revisit large $N$ quiver gauge theories realized by spacetime filling D3-branes probing a …
We study 2d $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ supersymmetric quiver gauge theories that describe the low-energy dynamics of D1-branes at Calabi-Yau fourfold (CY$_4$) singularities. On general grounds, the holomorphic sector of these theories---matter content and (classical) superpotential interactions---should be fully captured by the topological $B$-model on the CY$_4$. By studying a number of examples, we confirm this expectation and flesh out the dictionary between B-brane category and supersymmetric quiver: the matter content of the supersymmetric quiver is encoded in morphisms between B-branes (that is…
We study the Seberg-Witten geometry of 5d ${\cal N}=1$ pure Yang-Mills theories compactified on a circle. The concept of the holonomy saddle implies that there are multiple 4d limits of interacting Seiberg-Witten theories from a single 5d theory, and we explore this in the simplest case of pure $SU(N)$ theories. The compactification leads to $N$ copies of locally indistinguishable 4d pure $SU(N)$ Seiberg-Witten theories in the infrared, glued together in a manner dictated by the Chern-Simons level. We show how this picture naturally builds the 5d BPS quivers which agree with the D0 probe dynam…
We extend the recently proposed symmetry breaking scenario of QCD$_3$ to the so-called "master" $(2+1)$d bosonization duality, which has bosonic and fermionic matter on both ends. Using anomaly arguments, a phase diagram emerges with several novel regions. We then construct $2+1$ dimensional dualities for flavored quivers using node-by-node dualization. Such dualities are applicable to theories which live on domain walls in QCD$_4$-like theories with dynamical quarks. We also derive dualities for quivers based on orthogonal and symplectic gauge groups. Lastly, we support the conjectured dualit…
We study low-energy dynamics of $[SU(N)]^K$ chiral quiver gauge theories in connection with $\mathcal{N}=1$ super Yang-Mills (SYM) theory, and quantum chromodynamics with bi-fundamental fermions (QCD(BF)). These theories can be obtained by $\mathbb{Z}_K$ orbifold projections of $\mathcal{N}=1$ $SU(NK)$ SYM theory, but the perturbative planar equivalence does not extend nonperturbatively for $K\ge 3$. In order to study low-energy behaviors, we analyze these systems using 't~Hooft anomaly matching and reliable semiclassics on $\mathbb{R}^3\times S^1$. Thanks to 't~Hooft anomaly that involves $1$…
Adopting the Mahler measure from number theory, we introduce it to toric quiver gauge theories, and study some of its salient features and physical implications. We propose that the Mahler measure is a universal measure for the quiver, encoding its dynamics with the monotonic behaviour along a so-called Mahler flow including two special points at isoradial and tropical limits. Along the flow, the amoeba, from tropical geometry, provides geometric interpretations for the dynamics of the quiver. In the isoradial limit, the maximization of Mahler measure is shown to be equivalent to $a$-maximizat…
We explore 1d vortex dynamics of 3d supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories, as inferred from factorization of exact partition functions. Under Seiberg-like dualities, the 3d partition function must remain invariant, yet it is not a priori clear what should happen to the vortex dynamics. We observe that the 1d quivers for the vortices remain the same, and the net effect of the 3d duality map manifests as 1d Wall-Crossing phenomenon; Although the vortex number can shift along such duality maps, the ranks of the 1d quiver theory are unaffected, leading to a notion of fundamental vortices as basic bui…
An S-fold has played an important role in constructing supersymmetric field theories with interesting features. It can be viewed as a type of AdS_4 solutions of Type IIB string theory where the fields in overlapping patches are glued by elements of SL(2,Z). This paper examines three dimensional quiver theories that arise from brane configurations with an inclusion of the S-fold. An important feature of such a quiver is that it contains a link, which is the T(U(N)) theory, between two U(N) groups, along with bifundamental and fundamental hypermultiplets. We systematically study the moduli space…
The infrared dynamics of generic 3d N=4 bad theories (as per the good-bad-ugly classification of Gaiotto and Witten) are poorly understood. Examples of such theories with a single unitary gauge group and fundamental flavors have been studied recently, and the low energy effective theory around some special point in the Coulomb branch was shown to have a description in terms of a good theory and a certain number of free hypermultiplets. A classification of possible infrared fixed points for bad theories by Bashkirov, based on unitarity constraints and superconformal symmetry, suggest a much ric…
For an arbitrary Nakajima quiver variety $X$, we construct an analog of the quantum dynamical Weyl group acting in its equivariant K-theory. The correct generalization of the Weyl group here is the fundamental groupoid of a certain periodic locally finite hyperplane arrangement in $Pic(X)\otimes {\mathbb{C}}$. We identify the lattice part of this groupoid with the operators of quantum difference equation for $X$. The cases of quivers of finite and affine type are illustrated by explicit examples.
