利弗希茨理论的问题与悖论
Problems and paradoxes of the Lifshitz theory
摘要：
本文评述了Lifshitz理论在实际电介质和半导体材料中应用的问题和悖论。结果表明，在介电响应模型中引入传导电子的漂移电流，不仅与热力学理论相矛盾，而且与不同实验组的实验数据相矛盾。分析了产生这些问题和悖论的物理原因，认为这与违反Lifshitz理论的基本适用条件--热平衡有关。最近的另一种解决方法的基础上列入屏蔽效应和扩散电流的问题被认为是和证明是不一致的实验和实验。有人认为，列入的扩散电流导致更深的违反热平衡。现象学上，忽略漂移和扩散电流的作用的Lifshitz理论被证明是免费的问题，并与热力学和所有可用的实验数据。
英文摘要：
The problems and paradoxes of the Lifshitz theory in application to real dielectric and semiconductor materials are reviewed. It is shown that the inclusion of drift current of conduction electrons into the model of dielectric response results in contradictions with both thermodynamics and experimental data of different experimental groups. Physical reasons why the problems and paradoxes arise are analyzed and found to be connected with the violation of basic applicability condition of the Lifshitz theory, the thermal equilibrium. A recent alternative approach to the resolution of the problems based on the inclusion of screening effects and diffusion current is considered and demonstrated to be thermodynamically and experimentally inconsistent. It is argued that the inclusion of the diffusion current leads to an even deeper violation of thermal equilibrium. Phenomenologically, the Lifshitz theory with role of drift and diffusion currents neglected is shown to be free of problems and in agreement with both thermodynamics and all available experimental data.
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