超导体的绝热磁化作为一种高性能冷却机制
Adiabatic Magnetization of Superconductors as a High-Performance Cooling Mechanism
摘要：
超导体的绝热磁化是30年代提出的冷却原理，至今尚未被利用。在这里，我们提出了一个详细的动态描述的效果，计算可实现的最终温度，以及在各种制度的不同超导体的过程的时间尺度。我们表明，虽然在实验条件下探索到目前为止，该方法实际上是低效的，一个合适的初始温度和金属的选择可以导致意想不到的大的冷却效果，即使在耗散现象的存在。我们的研究结果表明，这一原则可以重新设想今天作为一个执行制冷方法，以访问microK制度的纳米器件。
英文摘要：
The adiabatic magnetization of a superconductor is a cooling principle proposed in the 30s, which has never been exploited up to now. Here we present a detailed dynamic description of the effect, computing the achievable final temperatures as well as the process timescales for different superconductors in various regimes. We show that, although in the experimental conditions explored so far the method is in fact inefficient, a suitable choice of initial temperatures and metals can lead to unexpectedly large cooling effect, even in the presence of dissipative phenomena. Our results suggest that this principle can be re-envisaged today as a performing refrigeration method to access the microK regime in nanodevices.
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