用红外光谱法研究彗星族尘埃的组成
The Composition of Dust in Jupiter-Family Comets as Inferred from Infrared Spectroscopy
摘要：
我们回顾了彗星族彗星尘埃的红外光谱推断的组成。我们发现，彗星族彗星有10微米的硅酸盐发射功能，通量约20-25%的尘埃连续体（发射强度1.20-1.25），类似于奥尔特云彗星中最弱的硅酸盐功能。我们讨论了改变硅酸盐发射特征强度（成分，大小和结构/形状）的颗粒特性，并强调从彗星核的热发射可以对导出的硅酸盐发射强度产生显着影响。最近的证据表明，孔隙度是主要的参数，虽然需要更多的观测和模型的硅酸盐在彗星家族彗星，以确定是否一组一致的颗粒参数可以解释其弱硅酸盐排放功能。8米望远镜和斯皮策太空望远镜的观测模型表明，彗星族彗星的结晶硅酸盐丰度与奥尔特云彗星相似或更少，尽管彗星9 P/Tempel和C/1995 O 1（Hale-Bopp）的结晶硅酸盐矿物学在Mg和Fe含量上彼此不同。彗星核的异质性也可以评估与中红外光谱，我们审查的证据在彗星9 P/坦普尔的核异质性尘埃属性。尘埃形成、太阳星云混合和彗星形成的模型必须能够解释观测到的Mg和Fe含量范围以及彗星9 P/坦普尔的异质性，尽管还需要更多的工作来理解彗星9 P/坦普尔和海尔-波普在多大程度上代表了彗星的整体。
英文摘要：
We review the composition of Jupiter-family comet dust as inferred from infrared spectroscopy. We find that Jupiter-family comets have 10 micron silicate emission features with fluxes roughly 20-25% over the dust continuum (emission strength 1.20-1.25), similar to the weakest silicate features in Oort Cloud comets. We discuss the grain properties that change the silicate emission feature strength (composition, size, and structure/shape), and emphasize that thermal emission from the comet nucleus can have significant influence on the derived silicate emission strength. Recent evidence suggests that porosity is the dominant parameter, although more observations and models of silicates in Jupiter-family comets are needed to determine if a consistent set of grain parameters can explain their weak silicate emission features. Models of 8 m telescope and Spitzer Space Telescope observations have shown that Jupiter-family comets have crystalline silicates with abundances similar to or less than those found in Oort Cloud comets, although the crystalline silicate mineralogy of comets 9P/Tempel and C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp) differ from each other in Mg and Fe content. The heterogeneity of comet nuclei can also be assessed with mid-infrared spectroscopy, and we review the evidence for heterogeneous dust properties in the nucleus of comet 9P/Tempel. Models of dust formation, mixing in the solar nebula, and comet formation must be able to explain the observed range of Mg and Fe content and the heterogeneity of comet 9P/Tempel, although more work is needed in order to understand to what extent do comets 9P/Tempel and Hale-Bopp represent comets as a whole.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
