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arXiv 0811.3901cond-mat.stat-mechastro-ph
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受限几何中的扩散限制反应和致命的随机行走

Diffusion-limited reactions and mortal random walkers in confined geometries

Ingo Lohmar, Joachim Krug

摘要:

受星际尘埃颗粒扩散反应动力学的启发,我们研究了二维受限几何中的致命随机行走者的首次穿越问题。我们提供了一个精确的表达式,两个步行者,这是在极限情况下进行评估,并检查对广泛的动力学蒙特卡罗模拟的相遇概率。我们分析了连续极限,这是非常缓慢地接近,与修正,消失与晶格尺寸几何。然后,我们研究了晶格形状对首次通过概率的影响,其中我们专注于纵横比的依赖性:扭曲晶格总是降低两个步行者的相遇概率,并且可以表现出与真正一维随机行走行为的交叉。这种过渡的性质也定性解释。

英文摘要:

Motivated by the diffusion-reaction kinetics on interstellar dust grains, we study a first-passage problem of mortal random walkers in a confined two-dimensional geometry. We provide an exact expression for the encounter probability of two walkers, which is evaluated in limiting cases and checked against extensive kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. We analyze the continuum limit which is approached very slowly, with corrections that vanish logarithmically with the lattice size. We then examine the influence of the shape of the lattice on the first-passage probability, where we focus on the aspect ratio dependence: Distorting the lattice always reduces the encounter probability of two walkers and can exhibit a crossover to the behavior of a genuinely one-dimensional random walk. The nature of this transition is also explained qualitatively.

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