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arXiv 0811.2908astro-ph
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来自星震学的恒星年龄

Stellar ages from asteroseismology

Yveline Lebreton, Josefina Montalban

备注：
10 pages, 15 figures, Proc. of the IAU Symp. 258 "The Ages of Stars", Baltimore USA 13-17 Oct 2008, eds D. Soderblom et al., CUP in press
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摘要：

星震学为探测恒星内部提供了强有力的手段。振荡频率通过密度和声速剖面与恒星内部性质密切相关。由于这些与质量和演化状态紧密相关，我们可以通过比较恒星的振荡光谱与恒星模型的预测来确定恒星的年龄和质量。这样的比较受到我们在模拟特定恒星时所面临的问题（如全局参数和化学成分的不确定性）以及我们对恒星内部工作过程的误解（如可能导致核心混合并影响模型年龄的传输过程）的影响。对于那些观测提供了精确和大量振荡频率以及精确的全局参数和额外信息（如恒星在双星系统中的半径或质量，干涉半径或平均密度，如果恒星是系外行星宿主）的恒星，我们也可以期望更好地限制恒星结构的物理描述，并获得更可靠的年龄估计。在对恒星脉动进行调查之后，我们提出了一些可以用来推断恒星年龄的地震诊断方法及其局限性。然后，我们说明了星震学的能力，仔细检查恒星内部的基础上的一些小问题。在今后几年中，预计将利用地面设备（HARPS、CORALIE、ERADIE、UVES、UCLES、SIAMOIS、SONG）或空间设备（MOST、CoRoT、WIRE、Kepler、PLATO）进行广泛的非常精确的测光或光谱观测。这将大大扩大有资格进行星震年龄测定的恒星样本，并应允许以10-20%的准确度估计单个恒星的年龄。

英文摘要：

Asteroseismology provides powerful means to probe stellar interiors. The oscillations frequencies are closely related to stellar interior properties via the density and sound speed profiles. Since these are tightly linked with the mass and evolutionary state, we can expect to determine the age and mass of a star from the comparison of its oscillation spectrum with predictions of stellar models. Such a comparison suffers both from the problems we face when modeling a particular star (as the uncertainties on global parameters and chemical composition) and from our misunderstanding of processes at work in stellar interiors (as the transport processes that may lead to core mixing and affect the model ages). For stars where observations have provided precise and numerous oscillation frequencies together with accurate global parameters and additional information (as the radius or the mass if the star is in a binary system, the interferometric radius or the mean density if the star is an exoplanet host), we can also expect to better constrain the physical description of the stellar structure and to get a more reliable age estimation. After a survey of stellar pulsations, we present some seismic diagnostics that can be used to infer the age of a star as well as their limitations. We then illustrate the ability of asteroseismology to scrutinize stellar interiors on the basis of a few exemples. In the years to come, extended very precise asteroseismic observations are expected, in photometry or in spectroscopy, from ground-based (HARPS, CORALIE, ELODIE, UVES, UCLES, SIAMOIS, SONG) or spatial devices (MOST, CoRoT, WIRE, Kepler, PLATO). This will considerably enlarge the sample of stars eligible to asteroseismic age determination and should allow to estimate the age of individual stars with a 10-20% accuracy.

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