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arXiv 0811.1473astro-ph
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超铝X射线源的质量、束流和爱丁顿比

Masses, Beaming and Eddington Ratios in Ultraluminous X-ray Sources

A. R. King

摘要:

我认为明亮ULX中的聚束因子随$b \propto \dot m^{-2}$变化,其中$\dot m$是吸积的爱丁顿比。这是所观察到的普遍的$L_{\rm soft} \propto T^{-4}$关系所要求的,在一般的物理基础上是合理的。光束缩放意味着明亮ULX的所有可观察特性基本上仅取决于爱丁顿比$\dot m$,并且这些系统的变化主要是因为光束对爱丁顿比敏感。这表明,明亮的ULX是恒星-质量系统的爱丁顿吸积比为10 - 30,与光束因子$b \ga 0.1$。较低光度的ULX遵循测热(不是软过量)$L \sim T^4$相关,可能代表{ \it sub}-爱丁顿吸积到质量为$\sim 10\msun$的黑洞上。含有黑洞或中子星的大质量X射线双星,经历着快速的热-或核-时间尺度的质量转移,是解释这两种类型的极好的候选者。如果明亮ULX的$b \propto \dot m^{-2}$标度可以外推到SS 433中发现的爱丁顿比,那么目前被确定为活动星系核的一些适度红移的天体实际上可能是ULX(“伪耀变体”)。这可能解释了活动源与宿主星系中心不重合的情况。

英文摘要:

I suggest that the beaming factor in bright ULXs varies as $b \propto \dot m^{-2}$, where $\dot m$ is the Eddington ratio for accretion. This is required by the observed universal $L_{\rm soft} \propto T^{-4}$ relation between soft--excess luminosity and temperature, and is reasonable on general physical grounds. The beam scaling means that all observable properties of bright ULXs depend essentially only on the Eddington ratio $\dot m$, and that these systems vary mainly because the beaming is sensitive to the Eddington ratio. This suggests that bright ULXs are stellar--mass systems accreting at Eddington ratios of order 10 -- 30, with beaming factors $b \ga 0.1$. Lower--luminosity ULXs follow bolometric (not soft--excess) $L \sim T^4$ correlations and probably represent {\it sub}--Eddington accretion on to black holes with masses $\sim 10\msun$. High--mass X-ray binaries containing black holes or neutron stars and undergoing rapid thermal-- or nuclear--timescale mass transfer are excellent candidates for explaining both types. If the $b \propto \dot m^{-2}$ scaling for bright ULXs can be extrapolated to the Eddington ratios found in SS433, some objects currently identified as AGN at modest redshifts might actually be ULXs (`pseudoblazars'). This may explain cases where the active source does not coincide with the centre of the host galaxy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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