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arXiv 0811.1233cond-mat.other
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偶极玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的稳定性和激发态

Stability and Excitations of a Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate with a Vortex

Ryan M. Wilson, Shai Ronen, John L. Bohn

摘要:

通过计算谐振陷偶极玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)的低激发态,研究了单量子化和双量子化涡旋态的稳定性。我们映射的偶极-偶极相互作用强度和陷阱的几何形状的函数,这些旋涡的动力学稳定性,通过寻找他们的激发有纯粹的实能量本征值。与纯接触相互作用的BEC相比,我们发现,偶极BEC在单量子化涡旋状态下变得不稳定的模式与越来越多的角度和径向节点更扁的陷阱纵横比,对应于\emph{local}崩溃发生在一个特征长度尺度。此外,我们发现,双量子化涡旋态的偶极BEC是不稳定的衰减到一个不同的拓扑状态(有两个单量子化涡旋)的所有相互作用强度时,陷阱的几何形状是足够长的,使偶极子吸引,并在窗口的相互作用强度时,陷阱的几何形状是足够扁,使偶极子排斥。

英文摘要:

We study the stability of singly- and doubly-quantized vortex states of harmonically trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) by calculating the low-lying excitations of these condensates. We map the dynamical stability of these vortices as functions of the dipole-dipole interaction strength and trap geometry by finding where their excitations have purely real energy eigenvalues. In contrast to BECs with purely contact interactions, we find that dipolar BECs in singly-quantized vortex states go unstable to modes with an increasing number of angular and radial nodes for more oblate trap aspect ratios, corresponding to \emph{local} collapse that occurs on a characteristic length scale. Additionally, we find that dipolar BECs in doubly-quantized vortex states are unstable to decay into a different topological state (with two singly-quantized vortices) for all interaction strengths when the trap geometry is sufficiently prolate to make the dipoles attractive, and in windows of interaction strength when the trap geometry is sufficiently oblate to make the dipoles repulsive.

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