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arXiv 0811.0560astro-ph
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根据强透镜统计的星系演化:与LambdaCDM范式一致的速度弥散函数的微分演化

Galaxy evolution from strong lensing statistics: the differential evolution of the velocity dispersion function in concord with the LambdaCDM paradigm

Kyu-Hyun Chae

摘要:

基于观测到的星系局域速度色散函数(VDFs)和30个强透镜源的修正统计特性,研究了σ> 95 km/s的星系从z=1到z=0的演化随速度色散σ的变化.我们假设一个星系的总质量分布(亮加暗)在光学区0 < z < 1是等温的,正如透镜星系的质量模型所建议的那样。对于VDFs的演化行为,我们发现:(1)质量密度随时间的增加而增大; σ> 200 km/s的星系(主要是早型星系)的数密度演化差异较大,速度色散越大,数密度演化越大;(2)中、低质量早型星系的数密度(95 km/s < sigma < 200 km/s)几乎是恒定的;(3)由Monte Carlo实现的圆速度函数转换的晚型VDF与其形状或积分数密度没有演化一致,与星系巡天结果一致。这些VDFs的演化行为是惊人的相似的暗晕质量函数(DMF)从N体模拟和恒星质量函数(SMF)预测最近的半解析模型的星系形成下目前的LambdaCDM分级结构形成范式。有趣的是,VDF的演变似乎是从许多星系调查获得的“恒星质量缩小”的演变有质的不同。DMF,VDF和SMF的共同进化的定量详细研究在下面的文件。我们考虑了几种可能的系统误差的透镜分析,并发现它们是不可能改变的结论。(节略)

英文摘要:

We study galaxy evolution from z=1 to z=0 as a function of velocity dispersion sigma for galaxies with sigma > 95 km/s based on the measured and Monte Carlo realised local velocity dispersion functions (VDFs) of galaxies and the revised statistical properties of 30 strongly-lensed sources. We assume that the total (luminous plus dark) mass profile of a galaxy is isothermal in the optical region for 0 < z < 1 as suggested by mass modelling of lensing galaxies. For the evolutionary behaviours of the VDFs we find that: (1) the number density of massive (mostly early-type) galaxies with sigma > 200 km/s evolves differentially in the way that the number density evolution is greater at a higher velocity dispersion; (2) the number density of intermediate and low mass early-type galaxies (95 km/s < sigma < 200 km/s) is nearly constant; (3) the late-type VDF transformed from the Monte Carlo realised circular velocity function is consistent with no evolution in its shape or integrated number density consistent with galaxy survey results. These evolutionary behaviours of the VDFs are strikingly similar to those of the dark halo mass function (DMF) from N-body simulations and the stellar mass function (SMF) predicted by recent semi-analytic models of galaxy formation under the current LambdaCDM hierarchical structure formation paradigm. Interestingly, the VDF evolutions appear to be qualitatively different from ``stellar mass-downsizing'' evolutions obtained by many galaxy surveys. The coevolution of the DMF, the VDF and the SMF is investigated in quantitative detail in a following paper. We consider several possible systematic errors for the lensing analysis and find that they are not likely to alter the conclusions.(abridged)

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