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arXiv 0811.0391astro-ph
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M87球状星团的颜色双峰

Color Bimodality in M87 Globular Clusters

Christopher Z. Waters, Stephen E. Zepf, Tod R. Lauer, Edward A. Baltz

摘要:

本文分析了50轨道HST ACS对M87球状星团系统的观测。我们使用这个数据集的非凡深度来测试颜色和星等是否显示球状星团种群中质量-金属丰度关系的证据。我们只发现球状星团贫金属子群的颜色和星等之间的关系很弱或不存在。色星等关系的微弱或缺失是在从$M_V=-11$到$M_V=-6$的广泛光度范围内建立的,包括大部分的M87球状星团。我们在50个轨道上观测到的贫金属子群颜色的恒定性与单轨道ACS数据的建议形成对比,该数据表明M87和其他几个星系中的贫金属球状星团显示出“蓝色倾斜”。“在我们更深的数据中,贫金属亚群的质量-金属丰度关系的正式最佳拟合是$Z\propto M^{0.08\pm0.05}$。我们对这些数据的分析还显示,在富含金属的球状星团子种群中可能存在一个小的“红色倾斜”。虽然这些微小的倾斜可能是真实的,但它们也可能说明了即使在如此非常深入的数据中,质量-金属丰度关系也可以确定的极限。我们专门测试了广泛的系统效应,发现虽然小的倾斜不能被证实或拒绝,但数据对$|0.20|\pm0.05$的任何倾斜都有很强的上限。这个上限比一些早期的单轨道数据要小得多,并且强烈地限制了球状星团内的自富集。这种球状星团的质量-金属丰度关系也比星系的关系浅,这表明这两种类型的天体的形成机制是不同的。

英文摘要:

We present an analysis of a 50 orbit HST ACS observation of the M87 globular cluster system. We use the extraordinary depth of this dataset to test whether the colors and magnitudes show evidence for a mass-metallicity relation in globular cluster populations. We find only a weak or absent relation between the colors and magnitudes of the metal poor subpopulation of globular clusters. The weakness or absence of a color-magnitude relation is established over a wide range in luminosity from $M_V=-11$ to $M_V=-6$, encompassing most of the M87 globular clusters. The constancy of the colors of the metal-poor subpopulation seen in our 50 orbit observation is in contrast to suggestions from single orbit ACS data that the metal-poor globular clusters in M87 and several other galaxies show a "blue tilt." The formal best fit for the mass-metallicity relation for the metal-poor subpopulation in our much deeper data is $Z\propto M^{0.08\pm0.05}$. Our analysis of these data also shows a possible small "red tilt" in the metal-rich globular cluster subpopulation. While either of these small tilts may be real, they may also illustrate the limit to which mass-metallicity relations can be determined, even in such extraordinarily deep data. We specifically test for a wide range of systematic effects and find that while small tilts cannot be confirmed or rejected, the data place a strong upper limit to any tilt of $|0.20|\pm0.05$. This upper limit is much smaller than some earlier claims from single orbit data, and strongly limits self-enrichment within globular clusters. This mass-metallicity relation for globular clusters is also shallower than the relation for galaxies, suggesting that the formation mechanisms for these two types of objects are different.

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