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arXiv 0811.0163astro-ph
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恒星、棕矮星和多星性质的恒星团簇形成流体动力学模拟

Stellar, Brown Dwarf, and Multiple Star Properties from Hydrodynamical Simulations of Star Cluster Formation

Matthew Bate

摘要:

我们报告的统计性质的恒星,褐矮星和多个系统获得的最大的流体动力学模拟的恒星团簇形成的日期,解决质量下降到不透明度限制碎片(几个木星的质量)。这个模拟基本上与Bate,Bonnell & Bromm的模拟相同,除了初始分子云更大,质量更大。它产生了超过1250颗恒星和褐矮星,提供了前所未有的统计信息,可以与观测调查相比较。我们发现,流体动力学/下沉粒子模拟可以很好地再现许多观察到的恒星性质。作为初级质量函数的双星度、极低质量(VLM)双星的频率、双星分离和质量比分布的总体趋势以及三重系统的相对轨道方向都与观测结果相当一致。我们还研究了双星度,速度色散和质量函数的径向变化,在由此产生的星团和光盘截断半径的分布,由于动力学相互作用。对于VLM双星,我们发现,当使用小吸积半径和引力软化时,它们的频率与观测调查(约20%)的预期相似。我们还发现,VLM二进制文件从广泛的,不等质量的系统向接近等质量的系统,因为它们的形式。计算的两个主要不足之处是,相对于恒星,它们产生了过多的棕矮星,并且具有K和G矮星主色的不等质量双星太少。[摘要]

英文摘要:

We report the statistical properties of stars, brown dwarfs and multiple systems obtained from the largest hydrodynamical simulation of star cluster formation to date that resolves masses down to the opacity limit for fragmentation (a few Jupiter masses). The simulation is essentially identical to that of Bate, Bonnell & Bromm except that the initial molecular cloud is larger and more massive. It produces more than 1250 stars and brown dwarfs, providing unprecedented statistical information that can be compared with observational surveys. We find that hydrodynamical/sink particle simulations can reproduce many of the observed stellar properties very well. Binarity as a function of primary mass, the frequency of very-low-mass (VLM) binaries, general trends for the separation and mass ratio distributions of binaries, and the relative orbital orientations of triples systems are all in reasonable agreement with observations. We also examine the radial variations of binarity, velocity dispersion, and mass function in the resulting stellar cluster and the distributions of disc truncation radii due to dynamical interactions. For VLM binaries, we find that their frequency when using small accretion radii and gravitational softening is similar to that expected from observational surveys (approximately 20 percent). We also find that VLM binaries evolve from wide, unequal-mass systems towards close equal-mass systems as they form. The two main deficiencies of the calculations are that they over produce brown dwarfs relative to stars and that there are too few unequal mass binaries with K and G-dwarf primaries. [Abridged]

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