arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0810.5728cs.LOcs.CCcs.GT
收藏

马尔可夫决策过程的多目标模型检验

Multi-Objective Model Checking of Markov Decision Processes

Kousha Etessami, Marta Kwiatkowska, Moshe Y. Vardi, Mihalis Yannakakis

摘要:

研究并给出了马尔可夫决策过程多目标模型检验问题的有效算法。给定MDP,M,以及给定多个线性时间(ω-正则或LTL)性质φ i,以及概率ri ε[0,1],i=1,.,k,我们问是否存在控制器的策略σ,使得对于所有i,由σ控制的M的轨迹满足φ i的概率至少为ri。我们提供了一个算法,决定是否存在这样的策略,如果是这样产生它,并运行在时间多项式中的MDP的大小。这种策略可能需要同时使用随机化和内存。我们还考虑了更一般的多目标ω-正则查询,我们激励与应用的假设保证组合推理的概率系统。注意,在不同属性之间可以存在折衷:以高概率满足属性φ 1可能需要以低概率满足φ 2。将其视为多目标优化问题,我们需要关于“权衡曲线”或帕累托曲线的信息,以最大化不同属性的概率。我们证明了在MDP的大小下,可以计算关于时间多项式中的一组ω-正则性质的近似Pareto曲线。我们的定量上限使用LP方法。我们还研究了定性的多目标模型检验问题,我们表明,这些可以通过纯粹的图论方法进行分析,即使策略可能仍然需要随机化和内存。

英文摘要:

We study and provide efficient algorithms for multi-objective model checking problems for Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). Given an MDP, M, and given multiple linear-time (ω-regular or LTL) properties φ\_i, and probabilities r\_i ε[0,1], i=1,...,k, we ask whether there exists a strategy σfor the controller such that, for all i, the probability that a trajectory of M controlled by σsatisfies φ\_i is at least r\_i. We provide an algorithm that decides whether there exists such a strategy and if so produces it, and which runs in time polynomial in the size of the MDP. Such a strategy may require the use of both randomization and memory. We also consider more general multi-objective ω-regular queries, which we motivate with an application to assume-guarantee compositional reasoning for probabilistic systems. Note that there can be trade-offs between different properties: satisfying property φ\_1 with high probability may necessitate satisfying φ\_2 with low probability. Viewing this as a multi-objective optimization problem, we want information about the "trade-off curve" or Pareto curve for maximizing the probabilities of different properties. We show that one can compute an approximate Pareto curve with respect to a set of ω-regular properties in time polynomial in the size of the MDP. Our quantitative upper bounds use LP methods. We also study qualitative multi-objective model checking problems, and we show that these can be analysed by purely graph-theoretic methods, even though the strategies may still require both randomization and memory.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑