动态双稳态系统的量子测量
Quantum Measurements with Dynamically Bistable System
摘要：
周期调制的非线性振子经常表现出受迫振动的双稳性。这种双稳性可用于新型的量子测量。它们基于共存振动状态之间的切换。由于切换伴随着受迫振动的幅度和相位的大变化，因此测量是高度灵敏的。量子噪声和经典噪声起着双重作用。它在分叉放大器的熟悉状态中对灵敏度施加了限制。另一方面，它使得有可能在平衡动态桥的新机制中使用双稳态振荡器。我们讨论了切换概率，并表明，他们显示缩放控制参数。不同类型的分岔和不同类型的噪声的临界指数。
英文摘要：
Periodically modulated nonlinear oscillators often display bistability of forced vibrations. This bistability can be used for new types of quantum measurements. They are based on switching between coexisting vibrational states. Since switching is accompanied by a large change of the amplitude and phase of forced vibrations, the measurements are highly sensitive. Quantum and classical noise plays dual role. It imposes a limitation on sensitivity in the familiar regime of a bifurcation amplifier. On the other hand, it makes it possible to use a bistable modulated oscillator in a new regime of a balanced dynamical bridge. We discuss the switching probabilities and show that they display scaling with control parameters. The critical exponents are found for different types of bifurcations and for different types of noise.
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